Internet of Things in agriculture, recent advances and future challenges

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in agriculture to provide farmers with a large amount of information. Precision agriculture (PA) is a management strategy that employs information technology to improve quality and production. Utilizing wireless sensor technologies and management tools can lead to a highly effective, green agriculture. Based on PA management, the same routine to a crop regardless of site environments can be avoided. From several perspectives, field management can improve PA, including the provision of adequate nutrients for crops and the wastage of pesticides for the effective control of weeds, pests, and diseases. This review outlines the recent applications of WSNs in agriculture research as well as classifies and compares various wireless communication protocols, the taxonomy of energy-efficient and energy harvesting techniques for WSNs that can be used in agricultural monitoring systems, and comparison between early research works on agriculture-based WSNs. The challenges and limitations of WSNs in the agricultural domain are explored, and several power reduction and agricultural management techniques for long-term monitoring are highlighted. These approaches may also increase the number of opportunities for processing Internet of Things (IoT) data.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/17/8/1781/pdf

Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review.

Internet of Things (IoT) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are two hot technologies utilized in cultivation fields, which transform traditional farming practices into a new era of precision agriculture. In this paper, we perform a survey of the last research on IoT and UAV technology applied in agriculture. We describe the main principles of IoT technology, including intelligent sensors, IoT sensor types, networks and protocols used in agriculture, as well as IoT applications and solutions in smart farming. Moreover, we present the role of UAV technology in smart agriculture, by analyzing the applications of UAVs in various scenarios, including irrigation, fertilization, use of pesticides, weed management, plant growth monitoring, crop disease management, and field-level phenotyping. Furthermore, the utilization of UAV systems in complex agricultural environments is also analyzed. Our conclusion is that IoT and UAV are two of the most important technologies that transform traditional cultivation practices into a new perspective of intelligence in precision agriculture.

Internet of Things (IoT) and Agricultural Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in smart farming: A comprehensive review

Comprehensive Survey of Image Steganography: Techniques, Evaluations, and Trends in Future Research

Spread spectrum systems

This paper proposes a new technique for constructing the Quasi-Cyclic low density parity check (QC-LDPC) codes based on row division method. The new codes offer more flexibility in term of girth, code rates and codeword length. In this method of code construction, the rows are used to form as the distance graph. Then they are transformed to a parity-check matrix in order to acquire the desired girth. The new QC-LDPC codes show good bit-error rate performance as compared to the renowned Mackay codes for given values of E b /N o by 0.12 dB at BER of10-7 .

A new Quasi-Cyclic low density parity check codes

In this paper, we propose new scheme for an optimum location for Relay Node (RN) in LTE-A cellular network to enhance the capacity at cell edge based on modified Shannon capacity for LTE networks. The proposed approach mitigates interferences between the nodes and ensures optimum utilization of transmitted power. In addition, this papers the mathematical derivation of optimal number of RNs per cell to prevent the overlapping between neighbouring RNs meanwhile providing the best coverage. Mathematical results are validated by Simulation results and indicate an improvement in capacity for users at the cell edge from 0.6 b/s/Hz to 1.45 b/s/Hz and 40% increment from all cell capacity. Moreover, a gain about 8 dBm and 25 dBm is observed for users at the cell edge for uplink and downlink in the received signal respectively. It has been concluded from the numerical analysis which is conducted on limited interferences for all nodes (in-band and out-band) provides simplicity and ease in implementation by the RF planning designers. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.20.7.3379

/pdf/optimizing-power-and-mitigating-interference-in-lte-a-2j4q0udmdd.pdf

Optimizing Power and Mitigating Interference in LTE-A Cellular Networks through Optimum Relay Location

Resource allocation management is one of the effective factors in the performance of WiMAX base station. Various goals could be achieved when the resource allocation scheme exploits in the right direction. However, resource allocation schemes lack a uniform assessment metrics. Where, most of the researches trying to show author's perspective in the results to show design pros, whilst the overall performance in resource allocation perspective is mostly missing. This paper presents the coordination between goals and design parameters that must be considered in the design phase to exploit the available features of the PHY and MAC layers and avoid the limitations. Moreover, this paper proposes a new method of primary assessment for resource allocation algorithms to ease conducting a fair comparison between the relevant algorithms. The assessment methodology based on a set of evaluation questions. The obtained results showed that the new assessment method distinguishes the overall performance to provide fair comparison.

Quantification of Design Challenges and Performance Assessment of WiMAX Resource Allocation Algorithms

Camera-based surveillance is an important technology to monitor people, assets and places, for the applications of increasing physical security. Access to information services whilst on the move is becoming increasingly prevalent within transport systems. This paper examines motorway vehicles equipped with wireless communication nodes to obtain images from the cameras distributed along a motorway. Exchanging the data (images) still remains a challenge to provide access aboard vehicles, particularly when travelling on high-speed motorways. This paper performed an analysis to examine the performance of a motorway surveillance systems based on Ad Hoc networks (WAHCN). The paper focus on studying the effect of the number of hops between sender (camera) and receiver (vehicle), packets rate, and packet size on the performance and behavior of the motorway surveillance systems which used (WAHCN) to demonstrate a clear view of the suitable values for these parameters to get high performance and good image quality in these type of systems.

http://www.aicit.org/JCIS/ppl/06_JCISS1-004%20.pdf

Abid Yahya

Papers

A new Quasi-Cyclic low density parity check codes

Optimizing Power and Mitigating Interference in LTE-A Cellular Networks through Optimum Relay Location

Quantification of Design Challenges and Performance Assessment of WiMAX Resource Allocation Algorithms

Performance Analysis of Motorway Surveillance System Based on Wireless Ad Hoc Camera Network (WAHCN)

Sliding Mode Simulation and Robustness Controller