This paper presents an energy audit study conducted for an urban residential community in Mumbai. The consumers are categorized using a k-means clustering algorithm based on their electricity consumption. The energy-efficient appliance selection is undertaken by a benchmarking study based on the appliance energy labeling and star rating initiated by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency(BEE) in India. The study establishes the techno-economic feasibility of energy savings in Indian urban households with an average payback period of 3.3 years. The energy-saving opportunities are selected based on each cluster’s capital cost and payback period. Sensitivity analysis of electricity tariff of a region on payback period is undertaken. The covid impact analysis on the residential energy consumption is conducted by comparing energy consumption before and after the covid. The benefits are replicable in most Indian households, especially the urban residential consumers with high consumption in regions with high electricity tariffs.

Energy Audit in an Urban Indian Residential Community-A Case Study

Partial shading significantly impacts a PV array’s ability to generate power. The array’s modules will produce various row currents.Thus the panels must be modified for row current difference minimization to maximize the power extraction from the PV array. Under uniform insolation, conventional Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Hill climbing approaches such as Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance(INC) can effectively track the maximum power point, but they fail under partial shaded conditions. Physical panel relocation may involve time-consuming operations and extensive interconnection ties. Meta-Heuristic algorithms for effective shadow dispersion is an appealing approach. In this paper, an MPPT control method based on meta-heuristic Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)is implemented in a Triple Tied (TT) configuration to track the global maximum power point(GMPP) under 5 distinct partial shading scenarios.The performance indices such as mismatch power, fill factor and convergence time of GWO results are compared with INC, Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO) and Horse Herd Optimization(HHO) algorithms. The GWO approach is found to perform better than INC,PSO and HHO in tracking the GMPP with better accuracy and less computational time in all shading conditions.

Metaheuristic Based MPPT Control for Solar PV Systems Under Partial Shading Conditions

The recent advancements in renewable energy technologies is empowering residential consumers to meet their energy requirements from locally installed renewable energy devices and energy storage devices. In this context, the adjacent microgrids can interact and share these resources using a stable strategy through which economic, environmental and operational advantage can be gained. In this paper a three-level hierarchical control is introduced into residential houses to effectively share the power between houses coming under the community microgrid in such a way that users will get power at an optimized price. The hierarchical control algorithm is developed for primary control (Local control center), secondary control (Microgrid control center) and tertiary control (Upstream control). This paper shows that implementing hierarchical control for the residential distributed generation paves way for the power-sharing across different community grids thereby upgrading the existing AC smart grid operation.

Hierarchical Control of Community Grid for Residential Houses

In today’s fast-paced world, patients are seeking more efficient and convenient ways to schedule appointments with healthcare providers. With the increasing demand for convenient and efficient healthcare services, online appointment booking systems have become essential for dental practices. In response to this need, we have designed and implemented an online dental appointment website using ASP .Net and SQL Server. This paper discusses the features of online appointment booking systems, how they can enhance the overall experience for patients and dental clinics, and the website's design and implementation, including the database schema, user interface, and server-side scripting. The website allows patients to schedule appointments, view their appointment history, view and download their medical reports and update their personal information. Dentists can view their upcoming appointments, update their schedules, generate the patient’s medical reports and manage their patient database. Key Word: Online Dental Booking, Managing schedules, Download the reports, Sql Server.

Online Dental Appointment Booking System

Micro-electronics are now very important in every part of a person's life in the age of present technology. Due to this, the demand for their components and their availability decreases the amount of time they can be made and raises the failure rate of the final product. Therefore methods that increase the of hardware design and verification effectiveness and efficiency are extremely valuable. Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA) is an open-standard, on-chip interface inter connect. That provides the standard set of rules to achieve the communication inside the system on chip. AXI-Advanced Extensible interconnect comes under the AMBA family and is used to communicate (transfer) the data from high-speed IP cores (master-slave). High frequency and high performance system designs are offered by AXI. It is a protocol for on-chip communication. It is appropriate for low-delay designs with large bandwidth and frequency. It is compatible with current APB and AHB interfaces. The AXI protocols unique address, data phases and control are one of its defining characteristics. The work involved in the design of AXI protocol in an effective manner using the System Verilog. The design is verified using the QuestaSim tool.

Design and Verification of AMBA AXI3 Protocol for High Speed Communication

The implementation of health monitoring technology in the stretcher can help to improve the quality of health management in India. Health is one of the global challenges for humanity especially in the countries with overpopulation. The main idea here is to provide a smart system that measures the vital signs of the unconscious person so that the health care professionals can monitor the person. PIC micro controller is the device used for information processing which collectively obtains the respiratory rate, heartbeat, temperature, and the blood pressure rate of the patient which is directly updated to the hospital server via IOT. This further updates the biometric details of the patient to the police station about the accident. This system is developed by using affordable technology and merging different functions to offer a proper solution. The aim of the system is to save many human lives by preparing intense care unit in hospital, as their physical parameters are updated to the hospital before their arrival to the hospital.

Smart Stretcher for Measuring Vital Signs of Unconscious Persons

As we see there is enough wind and solar energy globally to satisfy as much as humanity’s energy requirements. vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) may as efficient as current horizontal axis system, might be practical and significantly cheaper to build and maintain than horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT). They have other original advantages, like they are always facing the wind, which might make them a significant player in our daily routine for low cost, cleaner renewable sources of lifting water. The growing popularity of solar wind pumps in many rural areas, these areas typically have no access to electricity or shortage of electricity, which creates a problem when it comes to irrigation and watering livestock. VAWT’s might even critical in mitigating grid interconnect stability and reliability issue currently facing electricity producers and pump the water from suppliers. Additionally cheap VAWT’s may provide an alternative to the rain forest destruction for the growing of bio-fuel crops. In this project we attempt to design and fabricate a Savonius water pumping Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. And also we make our model hybrid- solar and wind mill operated water pump. The solar energy gained by the solar panel and convert that electrical energy into mechanical energy which causes to rotate the shaft which is connected to crank plate. The circular motion of crank plate uses to lift the water as it converted in up and down motion using crank mechanism. Keywords: Solar panel, Wind Mill, Agriculture, Water Pumping.

Abishek Franklin M

Papers

Hierarchical Control of Community Grid for Residential Houses

Online Dental Appointment Booking System

Design and Verification of AMBA AXI3 Protocol for High Speed Communication

Smart Stretcher for Measuring Vital Signs of Unconscious Persons

Hybrid-Solar and Wind Power Water Pumping System