1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

Racial microaggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative racial slights and insults toward people of color. Perpetrators of microaggressions are often unaware that they engage in such communications when they interact with racial/ethnic minorities. A taxonomy of racial microaggressions in everyday life was created through a review of the social psychological literature on aversive racism, from formulations regarding the manifestation and impact of everyday racism, and from reading numerous personal narratives of counselors (both White and those of color) on their racial/cultural awakening. Microaggressions seem to appear in three forms: microassault, microinsult, and microinvalidation. Almost all interracial encounters are prone to microaggressions; this article uses the White counselor--client of color counseling dyad to illustrate how they impair the development of a therapeutic alliance. Suggestions regarding education and training and research in the helping professions are discussed.

/pdf/racial-microaggressions-in-everyday-life-implications-for-30r75e8a7h.pdf

Racial microaggressions in everyday life: Implications for clinical practice.

Research demonstrates that rejection sensitivity develops through early, continuing, or acute experiences of rejection from caregivers and significant others. Rejection sensitivity refers to individuals who anxiously or angrily expect, readily perceive, and intensely react to rejection. The question regarding why rejection is feared by rejection sensitive individuals remains unanswered by existing rejection sensitivity literature. Therefore, the current study answers this question using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to analyse 8 participants' experiences of rejection sensitivity. Four superordinate themes emerged: `experiences of parenting'; `impact of rejection'; `coping with the concept of rejection'; and `identity'. The primary fundamental finding indicates that rejection sensitivity is the same concept as abandonment anxiety. Participants in the current study demonstrate both rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety. Furthermore, the origins and characteristics of both concepts are identified as the same. Therefore, these findings indicate that rejection is feared for the same reason that abandonment is feared. In childhood, abandonment is experienced as terrifying and therefore defences are adopted to avoid further abandonment. The concept of `past in present' means that childhood feelings can be timelessly re-experienced in adulthood as actual and unchanged. Therefore, later rejection situations are perceived as abandonment and accordingly alert an individual to impending danger. As a result, rejection is feared because it is perceived as abandonment and as a threat to survival. This finding is fundamental to the fields of rejection sensitivity and abandonment anxiety, in terms of research and therapeutic work with clients. Integrating existing literature provides much greater depth of knowledge and support for these concepts. Recommended therapeutic approaches for abandonment anxiety can also inform interventions for rejection sensitive clients. Findings also suggest that participants experience annihilation anxiety in relation to perceived rejection, which further increases fear. Clinical applications and implications with respect to the findings arc discussed.

Interpretative phenomenological analysis

語用論(Pragmatics)を考える

Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory.

A variety of conceptualizations of the relationship between therapist and client, as well as the impact the quality of this relationship has on the client, are reviewed. Different hypotheses about bow the alliance might influence therapeutic progress are also presented. The review pays attention to both the historical and conceptual dimensions of this issue, and provides a summary of the empirical bases of the claims made of the value of a good alliance. The article concludes with a discussion of an integrated model of the alliance and a discussion of the clinical and training implications of our current understanding of this concept.

The therapeutic relationship: From transference to alliance.

Therapist effects in the therapeutic alliance–outcome relationship: A restricted-maximum likelihood meta-analysis☆

The therapeutic relationship : From transference to alliance

The place of the therapeutic relationship in psychotherapy research is presented in a historical framework, followed by a brief review of the major research themes within this topic and a review of what is covered in this special section. Some of the strengths of this body of work, as well as the potential challenges arising out of the re-emergence of the alliance as a pan-theoretical concept capturing the relational dynamics of therapy, are discussed. Recommendations for renewing the empirical–conceptual dialogue on what constitutes the therapeutic relationship in different therapeutic contexts and different phases of therapy are provided. Therapeutische Beziehung: Forschung und Theorie Die therapeutische Beziehung wird in einem historischen Rahmen behandelt, gefolgt durch eine Kurzubersicht der wichtigsten Forschungsthemen in diesem Bereich und eine Ubersicht zu den Themen dieses Doppelheftes. Einige starke Punkte dieser Arbeiten werden diskutiert, ebenso wie die moglichen Herausforderungen einer wieder...

Adam O. Horvath

Papers

The therapeutic relationship: From transference to alliance.

Therapist effects in the therapeutic alliance–outcome relationship: A restricted-maximum likelihood meta-analysis☆

The therapeutic relationship : From transference to alliance

The therapeutic relationship: Research and theory : An introduction to the Special Issue

Empirical validation of Bordin's pantheoretical model of the alliance: The Working Alliance Inventory perspective.