An image reading device includes a conveyor unit that conveys a document along a conveying path for ADF-type image scanning including a curved path. The conveyor unit includes a conveyor roller that reverses a conveying direction of the document in the curved path. The device further includes a first contact surface that comes into contact with a first side of the document when the document is conveyed, a second contact surface that comes into contact with a second side of the document when the document is conveyed, a first reading unit that reads an image on the first side of the document, and a second reading unit disposed above the second contact surface and reading an image on the second side of the document. A part of the conveyor roller is disposed lower than the first and second contact surfaces in an up down direction of the image reading device.

Image reading device

Three or more independent passages are coupled to respective cylinders which are different from each other, and a collective portion where the independent passages collect is provided. An exhaust turbocharger is arranged downstream of the collective portion. Rotary throttle valves are arranged respectively in the independent passages upstream of the collective portion. At least two of the throttle valves are supported by a common rotary axis. The independent passages with the throttle valves supported by the common rotary axis are coupled to cylinders which have exhaust strokes which are not adjacent to each other. Accordingly, the exhaust gas can be supplied to the exhaust turbocharger efficiently.

Exhaust passage structure of multi-cylinder engine

An exhaust system for a saddle-ride type vehicle provides sufficient volume in a chamber while avoiding interference between the chamber and other parts. The vehicle center of gravity is lowered and differences in exhaust pipe length are reduced. Exhaust pipes are connected to combustion chambers of front and rear cylinder banks of a V-type engine. A chamber is connected to the exhaust pipes and mufflers are connected to the chamber. The chamber has an exhaust pipe connection wall to which the exhaust pipes are connected and opposing muffler connection walls. The mufflers are connected to positions on the muffler connection walls closer to the engine relative to a center in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

Exhaust System and Saddle-Ride Type Vehicle

An exhaust system for discharging exhaust gases through an exhaust passageway, emitted from a multi-cylinder combustion engine mounted on a motor vehicle includes a partition plate formed therein for dividing the exhaust passageway into a plurality of juxtaposed exhaust passages and having a communicating hole defined therein, and an exhaust gas sensor positioned at a location in proximity of the communicating hole for detecting a composition of the exhaust gases.

Exhaust system for motor vehicles

To gather plural exhaust pipes in a multi-cylinder engine and provide a catalyst in the gathered portion while ensuring a sufficient minimum road clearance. In a V engine having front and rear bank cylinders, an oil pan is disposed below a crankcase. The oil pan is in a downwardly projecting generally T shape having a central portion formed as a narrow storage chamber. A flat catalyst chamber is disposed on the left side of the storage chamber. A manifold pipe with front cylinders connected thereto and a manifold pipe with rear cylinders connected thereto are connected to the catalyst chamber from the front side and an exhaust pipe extends backward from a rear face of the catalyst chamber. The catalyst is disposed within the catalyst chamber to purify exhaust gas passing through the interior of the catalyst chamber. Since the storage chamber is formed as a narrow chamber and the catalyst chamber is disposed sideways in parallel with the storage chamber, it is possible to ensure a sufficient minimum road clearance. Moreover, since the catalyst chamber can be disposed on a relatively upstream side of exhaust, it is possible to promote activation of the catalyst.

Exhaust system for motorcycle

In an exhaust system, a first oxygen sensor (S1) is attached to an exhaust pipe (101) connected to a standard cylinder in which the amount of injected fuel is the closest to the average of the amounts of fuel injected in a plurality of cylinders. A controller calculates the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder based on the value detected by the first oxygen sensor (S1). Then, based on the difference between the calculated air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder and a predetermined target air-fuel ratio, the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder is determined such that the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder is equal to the target air-fuel ratio. Furthermore, based on the amount of correction to the amount of fuel injected in the standard cylinder, the amounts of correction of the other cylinders are determined.

Exhaust system, and engine device and vehicle with the same

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive exhaust system, and an engine and a vehicle equipped with it, capable of improving the purification efficiency of a catalyst. SOLUTION: An exhaust system 12 comprises a first oxygen sensor S1 installed in an exhaust pipe connected to a cylinder (standard cylinder), in which a fuel injection amount is the most average value, out of a plurality of cylinders. A controller calculates the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder from the detection value of the first oxygen sensor S1. From the difference between the calculated air-fuel ratio and a predetermined target air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder, the correction amount of the fuel injection amount of the standard cylinder is determined so that the air-fuel ratio of the standard cylinder is equal to the target air-fuel ratio. The correction amount of the fuel injection amount of the other cylinder is determined from the correction amount of the fuel injection amount of the standard cylinder. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Akira Ishizaki

Papers

Exhaust system, and engine device and vehicle with the same

Exhaust system, and engine and vehicle equipped with it