THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

In past two decades poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) has been among the most attractive polymeric candidates used to fabricate devices for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. PLGA is biocompatible and biodegradable, exhibits a wide range of erosion times, has tunable mechanical properties and most importantly, is a FDA approved polymer. In particular, PLGA has been extensively studied for the development of devices for controlled delivery of small molecule drugs, proteins and other macromolecules in commercial use and in research. This manuscript describes the various fabrication techniques for these devices and the factors affecting their degradation and drug release.

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Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) as Biodegradable Controlled Drug Delivery Carrier

https://cmapspublic3.ihmc.us/rid=1N3976C22-12M3P49-9V/Holladay%20et%20al.%20-%202009%20-%20An%20overview%20of%20hydrogen%20production%20technologies.pdf

An overview of hydrogen production technologies

An overview of the recent developments in polylactide (PLA) research.

Properties of lactic acid based polymers and their correlation with composition

The effects of crystallinity (xc) on the hydrolysis of high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) films in a phosphate-buffered solution at 37°C was investigated by gel permeation chromatography, tensile testing, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and polarizing optical microscopy. The change in molecular weight distribution and surface morphology of the PLLA films after hydrolysis revealed that the hydrolysis of PLLA film in a phosphate-buffered solution proceeded homogeneously along the film cross section, mainly via the bulk-erosion mechanism. The induction period until the start of the decrease in mass remaining and the tensile strength became longer with a decrease in the initial xc of the PLLA films. The rate of molecular weight reduction was higher as the initial xc of the PLLA films increased when hydrolysis was carried out up to 24 months. Melting and glass transition temperatures of the PLLA films increased in the first 12 months of hydrolysis, while they decreased in another 24 months, irrespective of the initial xc. The xc value of the PLLA films increased monotonously by hydrolysis. The lamella disorientation in PLLA spherulites after hydrolysis implied that the hydrolysis of PLLA chains occurred predominantly in the amorphous region between the crystalline regions in the spherulites. The area of a specific molecular weight in GPC spectra at 36 months increased with increase in the initial xc of the PLLA film, suggesting that the specific peak should be due to the component of one fold in the crystalline region. The reason for enhanced hydrolysis of PLLA films having higher initial crystallinities was discussed in terms of tie chains and terminal groups of PLLA. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1452–1464, 2000

Properties and morphology of poly(L-lactide). III. Effects of initial crystallinity on long-termin vitro hydrolysis of high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) film in phosphate-buffered solution

The performance of a new method using pulsed streamer corona for the removal of SO 2 from humid air has been evaluated. The pulsed streamer corona produces energetic free electrons that excite, dissociate, and ionize gas molecules, forming radicals that enhance the gas-phase chemical reactions that convert SO2 to acid mist and/or particulate aerosols. The aerosols are then collected by conventional means, i.e., by electrostatic precipitator or bag filter. The SO2 removal efficiency was compared with that of the electron-beam and dc corona flue-gas treatment processes. The comparison demonstrates the advantage of the novel method.

A Method for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide from Exhaust Gas Utilizing Pulsed Streamer Corona for Electron Energization

A pulse-energized electron reactor utilizing pulsed streamer corona has been developed for the combined removal of SO/sub 2/, NO/sub x/, and particles from effluent gases. In the pulse-energized electron reactor process, fast-rising narrow high voltage pulses are superimposed on a DC bias voltage and applied to a nonuniform electric field geometry to generate pulsed streamer corona. The pulsed streamer corona produces energetic free electrons, which dissociate gas molecules, forming radicals. These radicals cause chemical reactions that convert SO/sub 2/ and NO/sub x/ into acid mists and/or solids, which can be removed from the gas stream by conventional means. In pulse-energized electron reactor performance tests on a humid air stream with an initial SO/sub 2/ concentration of 1000 p.p.m., more than 90% of the SO/sub 2/ was removed with an advantageously small power requirement. >

Combined removal of SO/sub 2/, NO/sub x/, and fly ash from simulated flue gas using pulsed streamer corona

Electrospinning of Poly(lactic acid) Stereocomplex Nanofibers

Nonequilibrium plasma can be used to promote chemical reactions that reduce the emission of gaseous pollutants, such as NO/sub x/, produced by coal-burning power plants or by diesel engines. Laboratory experiments were carried out to study the decrease of NO/sub x/ in simulated flue gases (initial concentration of NO: 200 to 800 ppms, O/sub 2/: 10%; N/sub 2/ was the balance gas) by means of a pulsed-discharge plasma generated in a cylinder-type reactor (outer electrode; 20 mm diameter). A rotary spark gap provided square-wave high voltages up to 25 kV, at a frequency of 250 Hz, to corona electrodes of 0.1, 3.3, and 6.4 mm diameter. The tests were performed at various temperatures (ambient to 220 degrees C) and constant residence time (0.6 s). The removal performance depended on the size of the discharge electrode and was better at room temperature. The addition of C/sub 2/H/sub 4/ significantly enhanced the removal performance; the concentration of NO/sub x/ decreased from 800 ppm to 300 ppm in the discharge. The by-products of this process were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy. No traces of toxic gases could be detected. >

Akira Mizuno

Papers

Properties and morphology of poly(L-lactide). III. Effects of initial crystallinity on long-termin vitro hydrolysis of high molecular weight poly(L-lactide) film in phosphate-buffered solution

A Method for the Removal of Sulfur Dioxide from Exhaust Gas Utilizing Pulsed Streamer Corona for Electron Energization

Combined removal of SO/sub 2/, NO/sub x/, and fly ash from simulated flue gas using pulsed streamer corona

Electrospinning of Poly(lactic acid) Stereocomplex Nanofibers

NO/sub x/ removal process using pulsed discharge plasma