C-glycosylflavonoids represent a group of oxygen heterocyclic compounds found widespread in a variety of plants. Synthetic organic chemists are now progressively utilizing C-glycosylflavonoid scaffolds due to their high biological potential. The present review deals with advances in C-glycosylflavonoids research, namely establishing a new updated database of the natural occurrence of C- glycosylflavonoids - one hundred and nine new structures have been reported up to 2011. The structural characterization of some novel C-glycosylflavonoids from various plant species is also discussed. The reported organic synthetic routes along with the biosynthetic as- pects of C-glycosylflavonoids are also reviewed. Finally the paper underlines the wide range of C-glycosylflavonoid biological activity. The mentioned topics are detailed in particular chapters and are supported in 187 references.

Advances in C-glycosylflavonoid Research

Bioactive constituents from Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and their antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities

Pollen grains produce certain metabolites, which can improve or inhibit germination and tube growth. Metabolomic analysis of germinating and growing Chinese fir pollen has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to analyse metabolites changes, content and expression in the germinating pollen of Chinese fir. To understand the metabolic differences, two clones from Chinese fir were selected. Metabolomics analyses were performed on three stages (1-, 24- and 48-h) during in vitro pollen germination. The metabolites profiles at different time points were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that 171 peaks were screened; the corresponding differential metabolites of 121 peaks were classified into nine types of substances. The expression of metabolites showed significant differences across and between clones, and the variation was evident at all germination stages. The expression was obvious at the early stage of germination, which differed clearly from that of the late stage after pollen tube growth. Moreover, the metabolites were mainly enriched in 14 metabolic pathways. Pollen germination and tube growth and metabolites expressions changed per incubation time. Since this work is preliminary, we suggest further investigations to understand the relationship between the differential metabolites and pollen development, and factors affecting pollen germination process.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/12/3162/pdf

Metabolomic Analysis of Pollen Grains with Different Germination Abilities from Two Clones of Chinese Fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb) Hook).

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Lespedaza hedysaroides resulted in the isolation of 8 flavonoids:orientin (1), isoorientin (2), vitexin (3), isovitexin (4), Isomyricitrin (5), meletin-3-O-β-d-glucoside (6), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (7), 6-Xylopyranosylluteolin (8), The result showed t㏊t Lespedeza hedysaroides was rich in flavonoid glycosides, espically of C-glycosylflavones which have good Pharmacia and bioactive. So Lespedeza hedysaroides was concluded that it has vast prospect for exploitation and utilization.

Alamus

Papers

A Study on the Flavonoids of Lespedeza hedysaroides