Considerable political and media attention has focused on the phenomenon of the ‘celebrity politician’. As this article illustrates, there are two main variants of the phenomenon. The first is the elected politician or candidate who uses elements of ‘celebrityhood’ to establish their claim to represent a group or cause. The second is the celebrity—the star of popular culture—who uses their popularity to speak for popular opinion. Both examples have been seen by critics to debase liberal democratic political representation. This article challenges this critique and argues that the celebrity politician is consistent with a coherent account of political representation. This does not mean that all examples of the celebrity politician are to be seen as legitimate, but that the representative claim has to be analysed more carefully and discriminatingly than the critics typically suppose.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2004.00149.x

Celebrity Politicians: Popular Culture and Political Representation:

1. Introduction 2. Fear, interest and honor 3. The spirit and its expression 4. The ancient world 5. Medieval Europe 6. From Sun King to Revolution 7. Imperialism and World War I 8. World War II 9. Hitler to Bush and beyond 10. General findings and conclusions.

/pdf/a-cultural-theory-of-international-relations-4bpcaeiy8z.pdf

A Cultural Theory of International Relations

Acknowledgements List of figures Prologue I THE POLITICAL CONSTITUTION OF THE PRESENT 1. Sovereignty and control reconsidered 2. Escape! II A CONTEMPORARY ITINERARY OF ESCAPE 3. Life and experience 4. Mobility and migration 5. Labour and precarity References Index

Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the Twenty-First Century

Who thought of Europe as a community before its economic integration in 1957? Dina Gusejnova illustrates how a supranational European mentality was forged from depleted imperial identities. In the revolutions of 1917 to 1920, the power of the Hohenzollern, Habsburg and Romanoff dynasties over their subjects expired. Even though Germany lost its credit as a world power twice in that century, in the global cultural memory, the old Germanic families remained associated with the idea of Europe in areas reaching from Mexico to the Baltic region and India. Gusejnova's book sheds light on a group of German-speaking intellectuals of aristocratic origin who became pioneers of Europe's future regeneration. In the minds of transnational elites, the continent's future horizons retained the contours of phantom empires.

European Elites and Ideas of Empire, 1917-1957

The anatomy of fascism

Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy@@@Making the Fascist Self: The Political Culture of Interwar Italy

Mussolini and the Jews : German-Italian relations and the Jewish question in Italy, 1922-1945

In October 1922 Mussolini became the constitutional head of the Italian government; by late 1926 he had imposed a Fascist dictatorship on Italy. Professor Cassels, who argues that Mussolini's policies in the 1930s, the era of the Rome- Berlin axis, were foreshadowed by those of the 1920s, traces the stages by which Mussolini took control of Italy's foreign relations. Within the period 1922-1927, Mussolini, biased against democratic states, moved away from Italy's wartime alliance with Britain and France to a policy in favor of authoritarian force. France became the "moral rival"; and the Anglo-Italian entente, calculated to insure British good will, soon cooled as Mussolini sought to realize an Italian empire in the Mediterranean basin. Italy's career diplomats, who at first had tried to restrain Mussolini's adventurism, by 1927 were totally in the background. Mussolini emerges, therefore, as a more radical and far less conventional Italian statesman than he is usually depicted in other historical studies. Originally published in 1970. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Alan Cassels

Papers

Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy@@@Making the Fascist Self: The Political Culture of Interwar Italy

Mussolini and the Jews : German-Italian relations and the Jewish question in Italy, 1922-1945

Mussolini's Early Diplomacy

Separatism, the Allies and the Mafia: The Struggle for Sicilian Independence 1943-1948

Was there a Fascist Foreign Policy? Tradition and Novelty