Radio mag tegenwoordig een ouderwets medium lijken, het was de social media van vroeger. Radio-uitzendingen legden een basis voor Europese eenwording en zorgden voor een wereldwijde verspreiding van informatie en muziek. Europe- On Air bestudeert de begindagen van radio. Zelden onderzochte bronnen laten een verscheidenheid aan nieuwe actoren, activiteiten en debatten zien, die het medium radio vorm gaven. In Europe- On Air wordt, onder andere, aandacht besteed aan institutionalisering van radio, de vorming van een uitzendnetwerk, en aan de manier waarop verschillen tussen verschillende radiosystemen, zoals die van Radio Luxemburg en de International Broadcasting Union, werden opgelost. Ook wordt gekeken hoe radio bijdroeg aan het behoud van de Europese beschaving in en na de oorlogsjaren, en hoe in de begindagen van radio de allereerste echte internationale programma's tot stand kwamen.

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Europe - On Air: Interwar Projects for Radio Broadcasting

This thesis explores the role of exile in the work of the Spanish Republican Arturo Barea (1897-1957). It suggests that, linked to the movements that exile generates (physical, social and intellectual), the concept of ‘transnational’ can be used as an analytical tool with which to interrogate Barea’s work and its interpretations. It was during his exile in Britain that Barea became a professional writer, a literary critic and a broadcaster for the BBC. He published his autobiographical trilogy The Forging of a Rebel, edited by T.S. Eliot, in London between 1941 and 1946. This work was immediately translated into several languages, but was only printed in Spanish in its Argentinian edition of 1951, and was not published in Spain until 1977. Through a combined reading of the trilogy alongside a larger body of fictional and non-fictional work the thesis offers a detailed historical analysis of the first context of production and reception of Barea’s writing in Britain, focusing on the period of 1938-1945. It highlights the challenges and opportunities of exile as a transnational and cosmopolitan experience, and demonstrates the different ways in which the homeland and the host state intersect in Barea’s work. Barea’s writings are read here as exercises of cross-cultural translation in which Spain, its people and the Spanish Civil War were construed for a British – and later international – public, while Britain, its people and their role in the Second World War were also interpreted for a Latin American audience. This thesis emphasizes the historical importance of the informal intellectual networks, the publishing landscape, and the ‘corporate cosmopolitanism’ of the BBC as the institutional sites in which Barea developed his work. A transnational and cosmopolitan approach can offer an avenue to analyse Spanish Republican exile cultural products in a wider historical setting.

A Spaniard in Hertfordshire : the intellectual exile of Arturo Barea

The main aim of this article is to examine the history of radio in Spain using a cultural industries approach, in order to analyse how the social and economic context and the various communication policies (or lack of them) have contributed to making the Spanish radio system what it is today. Through this approach, a greater understanding will be reached of its past and present business model, the agents involved and the market structure supporting it. Spanish radio is highly regulated at the national level, which is why the study of communication policies is a fundamental - but not the only - pillar of the theoretical tradition under consideration.

The European Exception: Historical Evolution of Spanish Radio as a Cultural Industry

In early 1948, roughly a year after the Voice of America (VOA) launched its Russian-language service, the Soviet Union began to jam official American broadcasts. Soviet jamming escalated dramatically in the late spring of 1949 as the nearly year-old Berlin blockade reached a climax. In spring 1950, officials in the State Department (the institutional home of the VOA) outlined a “Bold New Program” to expand radio transmissions to the Soviet Union.1 The project linked six high-powered shortwave transmitters on the East and West coasts of the United States with an overseas ring network of fourteen 1-megawatt (MW) medium-wave relay bases. According to VOA’s engineers, a network that ringed the Soviet Union would penetrate the Soviet electronic curtain with multiple signals and overwhelm its jamming transmitters through concurrent deployment of massive power at close range.

A Bold New Vision: The VOA Radio Ring Plan and Global Broadcasting in the Early Cold War

Spanish Radio: When Digitalization Meets an Analog Business Model

(1999). The First Radio War: Broadcasting in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939. Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television: Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 473-513.

Alan Davies

Papers

The First Radio War: Broadcasting in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939