Electrical resistivity tomography technique for landslide investigation: A review

Landslide is one of the repeated geological hazards during rainy season, which causes fatalities, damage to property and economic losses in Korea. Landslides are responsible for at least 17% of all fatalities from natural hazards worldwide, and nearly 25% of annual casualties caused by natural hazards in Korea. Due to global climate change, the frequency of landslide occurrence has been increased and subsequently, the losses and damages associated with landslides also have been increased. Therefore, accurate prediction of landslide occurrence, and monitoring and early warning for ground movements are very important tasks to reduce the damages and losses caused by landslides. Various studies on landslide prediction and reduction in landslide damage have been performed and consequently, much of the recent progress has been in these areas. In particular, the application of information and geospatial technologies such as remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) has greatly contributed to landslide hazard assessment studies over recent years. In this paper, the recent advances and the state-of-the-art in the essential components of the landslide hazard assessment, such as landslide susceptibility analysis, runout modeling, landslide monitoring and early warning, were reviewed. Especially, this paper focused on the evaluation of the landslide susceptibility using probabilistic approach and physically based method, runout evaluation using volume based model and dynamic model, in situ ground based monitoring techniques, remote sensing techniques for landslide monitoring, and landslide early warning using rainfall and physical thresholds.

Landslide prediction, monitoring and early warning: a concise review of state-of-the-art

Hydrological factors affecting rainfall-induced shallow landslides: From the field monitoring to a simplified slope stability analysis

Author(s): Whiteley, JS; Chambers, JE; Uhlemann, S; Wilkinson, PB; Kendall, JM | Abstract: Geophysical monitoring of landslides can provide insights into spatial and temporal variations of subsurface properties associated with slope failure. Recent improvements in equipment, data analysis, and field operations have led to a significant increase in the use of such techniques in monitoring. Geophysical methods complement intrusive approaches, which sample only a very small proportion of the subsurface, and walk-over or remotely sensed data, which principally provide information only at the ground surface. In particular, recent studies show that advances in geophysical instrumentation, data processing, modeling, and interpretation in the context of landslide monitoring are significantly improving the characterization of hillslope hydrology and soil and rock hydrology and strength and their dynamics over time. This review appraises the state of the art of geophysical monitoring, as applied to moisture-induced landslides. Here we focus on technical and practical uses of time-lapse methods in geophysics applied to monitoring moisture-induced landslide. The case studies identified in this review show that several geophysical techniques are currently used in the monitoring of subsurface landslide processes. These geophysical contributions to monitoring and predicting the evolution of landslide processes are currently underrealized. Hence, the further integration of multiple-parametric and geotechnically coupled geophysical monitoring systems has considerable potential. The complementary nature of certain methods to map the distribution of subsurface moisture and elastic moduli will greatly increase the predictive and monitoring capacity of early warning systems in moisture-induced landslide settings.

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018RG000603

Geophysical Monitoring of Moisture-Induced Landslides: A Review

https://escholarship.org/content/qt2tw802pg/qt2tw802pg.pdf?t=pexpjc

Assessment of ground-based monitoring techniques applied to landslide investigations

Investigation of a slope endangered by rainfall-induced landslides using 3D resistivity tomography and geotechnical testing

A two-year monitoring experiment has been conducted on a slope in shallow weathered soils overlying sandstone bedrock in Toessegg, Switzerland. Water balance and suctions were measured, together with the meteorological inputs, in preparation for predicting environmental effects on slope stability. Electrical resistivity tomography proved particularly helpful in establishing the spatial distribution of soil layering, with clayey sand overlying silty sand and bedrock. This paper describes monitoring of the field measurements, and shows that the double layer causes a bi-seasonal response, with the smallest ‘factor of safety' after the wetter winter months.

A long-term field study for the investigation of rainfall-induced landslides

Rain-induced slope instability is a significant natural hazard in Switzerland, Slovenia and elsewhere in Europe. This contribution was prepared especially for the 12 th Suklje Symposium, and recognises that landslides occur both in mountain regions as well as in lowland regions during and following extreme-rainfall conditions. The Institute (and Professorship) for Geotechnical Engineering at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich) has been engaged over several years in projects concerned with the characterisation, monitoring and modelling behaviour of slopes in mainly granular porous media across the full range of altitudes in Switzerland. A link is made to the doyen of the Suklje day and then three case histories are presented and discussed to demonstrate the principal reactions to seasonal rainfall. A small slip was released in two of these cases and the “triggering” factors have been investigated and are discussed in this contribution. It transpires that the mode of inslope drainage influences the way in which the ground saturates and hence the volume of the potentially unstable ground. Simple stability analyses using limit equilibrium and soil parameters that have been amended to account for unsaturated soil behaviour were found to function well for slopes in largely granular media.

/pdf/lessons-learnt-from-field-tests-in-some-potentially-unstable-4z4q863ili.pdf

Andrea Thielen

Papers

Investigation of a slope endangered by rainfall-induced landslides using 3D resistivity tomography and geotechnical testing

A long-term field study for the investigation of rainfall-induced landslides

Lessons learnt from field tests in some potentially unstable slopes in Switzerland

Water flow and saturation of hillslopes prone to shallow landslides