Objective:To review our current understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of vein graft failure (VGF), give an overview of current preventive and interventional measures, and explore strategies that may improve vein graft patency.Background:VGF and progression of native coronary artery dise

Saphenous Vein Graft Failure After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Pathophysiology, Management, and Future Directions

The liver has a large capacity for regeneration after resection. However, below a critical level of future liver remnant volume (FLRV), partial hepatectomy is accompanied by a significant increase of postoperative liver failure. There is accumulating evidence for the contribution of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) to participate in liver regeneration. Here we report on three patients subjected to intraportal administration of autologous CD133+ BMSCs subsequent to portal venous embolization of right liver segments, used to expand left lateral hepatic segments as FLRV. Computerized tomography scan volumetry revealed 2.5-fold increased mean proliferation rates of left lateral segments compared with a group of three consecutive patients treated without application of BMSCs. This early experience with portovenous application of CD133+ BMSCs could suggest that this novel therapeutic approach bears the potential of enhancing and accelerating hepatic regeneration in a clinical setting.

https://stemcellsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1634/stemcells.2004-0283

Portal Application of Autologous CD133+ Bone Marrow Cells to the Liver: A Novel Concept to Support Hepatic Regeneration

Pulmonary valve replacement after operative repair of tetralogy of Fallot: meta-analysis and meta-regression of 3,118 patients from 48 studies.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of portal vein embolization (PVE) and CD133+ bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) administration to the liver, compared with PVE alone, to augment hepatic regeneration in patients with large hepatic malignancies. Materials and Methods: The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee; informed consent was obtained. Thirteen patients underwent PVE of liver segments I and IV-VIII to stimulate hepatic regeneration prior to extended right hepatectomy. In six patients (three men, three women; mean age, 61 years; range, 46–72 years) with a future liver remnant volume (FLRV) below 25% and/or limited quality of hepatic parenchyma, PVE alone did not promise adequate proliferation. These patients underwent BMSC administration to segments II and III (group I). In seven patients (three men, four women; mean age, 69 years; range, 63–75 years) with an FLRV below 25%, PVE alone was performed (group II). Two radiologists blinded to patients' identity and each other...

Portal Vein Embolization and Autologous CD133+ Bone Marrow Stem Cells for Liver Regeneration: Initial Experience

Background:It is not known whether modern volatile anesthetics are associated with less mortality and postoperative pulmonary or other complications in patients undergoing general anesthesia for surgery.Methods:A systematic literature review was conducted for randomized controlled trials fulfilling

Effects of volatile anesthetics on mortality and postoperative pulmonary and other complications in patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Impact of preconditioning protocol on anesthetic-induced cardioprotection in patients having coronary artery bypass surgery

https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/S0003-4975(04)00072-4/pdf

Recurrent embolism in the course of marantic endocarditis.

Background
After total repair of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF-R) with transannular patching (TAP), severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR) is reported to develop in up to 30% of patients at a follow-up of 20 years, and 10–15% or more need pulmonary valve replacement (PVR). In this study, time-related progression of PR and right ventricular (RV) dilatation, and functional recovery of the RV after PVR are analyzed, and the possible causes of PR and timing of PVR are discussed.

Severe Pulmonary Regurgitation Late After Total Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Surgical Considerations

We report 2 cases in which patients with coronary heart disease not amenable for conventional revascularization underwent transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) and implantation of AC133+ bone-marrow stem cells. The reason for using TMLR in combination with stem cell application is to take advantage of the synergistic angiogenic effect. The local inflammatory reaction induced by TMLR should serve as an informational platform for stem cells and may trigger their angiogenic differentiation. Functional analysis of myocardial performance after treatment in these 2 cases revealed dramatic improvement of the wall motion at the site of the TMLR and stem cell application. Because TMLR does not enhance myocardial contractility and there was no angiographic evidence of major collaterals to the ischemic region in either patient, we assume that the synergistic effect of stem cells and TMLR-induced angiogenesis occurred; however, our assumption is of a speculative nature. We think that TMLR in combination with stem cell transplantation might become a novel revascularization therapy for ischemic myocardium.

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Therapy in Combination with TMLR. A Novel Therapeutic Option for Endstage Coronary Heart Disease: Report on 2 Cases

Andreas Borowski

Papers

Impact of preconditioning protocol on anesthetic-induced cardioprotection in patients having coronary artery bypass surgery

Recurrent embolism in the course of marantic endocarditis.

Severe Pulmonary Regurgitation Late After Total Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Surgical Considerations

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Therapy in Combination with TMLR. A Novel Therapeutic Option for Endstage Coronary Heart Disease: Report on 2 Cases

Intraoperative isolation and processing of BM-derived stem cells