Substantial developments have been achieved in the synthesis of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) diamond in recent years, providing engineers and designers with access to a large range of new diamond materials. CVD diamond has a number of outstanding material properties that can enable exceptional performance in applications as diverse as medical diagnostics, water treatment, radiation detection, high power electronics, consumer audio, magnetometry and novel lasers. Often the material is synthesized in planar form; however, non-planar geometries are also possible and enable a number of key applications. This paper reviews the material properties and characteristics of single crystal and polycrystalline CVD diamond, and how these can be utilized, focusing particularly on optics, electronics and electrochemistry. It also summarizes how CVD diamond can be tailored for specific applications, on the basis of the ability to synthesize a consistent and engineered high performance product.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0953-8984/21/36/364221/pdf

Chemical vapour deposition synthetic diamond: materials, technology and applications.

This paper reviews the growth of diamond by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). It includes the following seven parts: (1) Properties of diamond: this part briefly introduces the unique properties of diamond and their origin and lists some of the most common diamond applications. (2) Growth of diamond by CVD: this part reviews the history and the methods of growing CVD diamond. (3) Mechanisms of CVD diamond growth: this part discusses the current understanding on the growth of metastable diamond from the vapour phase. (4) Characterization of CVD diamond: we discuss the two most common techniques, Raman and XRD, which have been intensively employed for characterizing CVD diamond. (5) CVD diamond growth characteristics: this part demonstrates the characteristics of diamond nucleation and growth on various types of substrate materials. (6) Nanocrystalline diamond: in this section, we present an introduction to the growth mechanisms of nanocrystalline diamond and discuss their Raman features.This paper provides necessary information for those who are starting to work in the field of CVD diamond, as well as for those who need a relatively complete picture of the growth of CVD diamond.

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Diamond growth by chemical vapour deposition

A nanowire array is described herein. The nanowire array comprises a substrate and a plurality of nanowires extending essentially vertically from the substrate; wherein: each of the nanowires has uniform chemical along its entire length; a refractive index of the nanowires is at least two times of a refractive index of a cladding of the nanowires. This nanowire array is useful as a photodetector, a submicron color filter, a static color display or a dynamic color display.

Light absorption and filtering properties of vertically oriented semiconductor nano wires

A field-effect transistor includes a carrier transport layer made of nitride semiconductor, a gate electrode having first and second sidewall surfaces on first and second sides, respectively, an insulating film formed directly on the gate electrode to cover at least one of the first and second sidewall surfaces, first and second ohmic electrodes formed on the first and second sides, respectively, a passivation film including a first portion extending from the first ohmic electrode toward the gate electrode to cover a surface area between the first ohmic electrode and the gate electrode and a second portion extending from the second ohmic electrode toward the gate electrode to cover a surface area between the second ohmic electrode and the gate electrode, wherein the insulating film is in direct contact with at least the first and second passivation film portions, and has a composition different from that of the passivation film.

Field-effect transistor

A CVD single crystal diamond material suitable for use in, or as, an optical device or element. It is suitable for use in a wide range of optical applications such as, for example, optical windows, laser windows, optical reflectors, optical refractors and gratings, and etalons. The CVD diamond material is produced by a CVD method in the presence of a controlled low level of nitrogen to control the development of crystal defects and thus achieve a diamond material having key characteristics for optical applications.

Optical quality diamond material

Low-resolution transmittance and reflectance spectra of high-quality chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) diamond windows were measured in the infrared in the 2.5-500-mum wavelength range (20-4000 cm(-1)). High-resolution measurements on a window with nearly parallel surfaces show well defined interference fringes at low frequencies. By standard procedures the optical constants n and k of CVD diamond were determined, for the first time to the author's knowledge, in the far-infrared region. It is shown that a window with a large wedge angle, close to 1 degrees , does not produce appreciable interference fringes. Modeling of these results confirms that interference fringes can be avoided by use of properly wedged CVD diamond windows. This result is of considerable relevance to the use of CVD diamond windows in spectroscopic applications for which fringe suppression is a major requirement.

/pdf/infrared-properties-of-chemical-vapor-deposition-33zk1y7t2e.pdf

Infrared properties of chemical-vapor deposition polycrystalline diamond windows.

A single crystal diamond prepared by CVD and having one or more electronic characteristics; making the diamond suitable for electronic applications. Also provided is a method of making the single crystal CVD diamond.

Single crystal diamond prepared by cvd

A layer of single crystal CVD diamond of high quality having a thickness greater than 2 mm. Also provided is a method of producing such a CVD diamond layer. The method involves the homoepitaxial growth of the diamond layer on a low defect density substrate in an atmosphere containing less than 300ppb nitrogen. Gemstones can be manufactured from the layer.

Thick single crystal diamond layer method for making it and gemstones produced from the layer

A layer of single crystal boron doped diamond produced by CVD and having a total boron concentration which is uniform. The layer is formed from a single growth sector, or has a thickness exceeding 100 (m, or has a volume exceeding 1 mm3, or a combination of such characteristics.

Andrew John Whitehead

Papers

Optical quality diamond material

Infrared properties of chemical-vapor deposition polycrystalline diamond windows.

Single crystal diamond prepared by cvd

Thick single crystal diamond layer method for making it and gemstones produced from the layer

Boron doped diamond