The objectives of this research were to investigate the effects of nurse empathy training on the client outcomes of anxiety, depression, hostility, and satisfaction with nursing care and the impact of group instruction on the empathy levels of nurses. All registered nurses on two units were presented with an empathy training program (n = 56) or a control program (n = 53). Clients (N = 656) on the units, all of whom had cancer, were assessed before and after staff development programs with the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List and the La Monica/Oberst Patient Satisfaction Scale. Clients cared for by nurses in the experimental group showed significantly less anxiety and hostility than clients cared for prior to the experimental treatment; mean differences on depression and satisfaction with care were in the hypothesized direction. These effects were not evident in the clients of the control group. Client and self-report empathy scores did not show significant changes as a result of either program, perhaps due to ceiling effects.

Empathy and nursing care outcomes.

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Affective Orientation, Alexithymia, and Multidimensional Empathy in Counselors-in-Training

This article discusses substance abuse counseling in relation to rehabilitation counseling. Its purpose is to suggest that the profession of rehabilitation counseling can have a positive impact on the professionalization of substance abuse counseling. Key issues in substance abuse treatment that are important for rehabilitation counselors to understand are discussed. Implications for rehabilitation counseling and rehabilitation counselor education are presented.

Professionalization of Substance Abuse Counseling

A Bilateral Model for Clinical Supervision

The Big List and the Psychotherapy List are the primary results of this investigation into the history of researched TA articles. They are found in Annexes 1 and 2 respectively, which are included as separate documents from the main documnet (Scientific evidence base for transactional analysis in the year 2010) for ease of later reference. Both lists contain comments by the author. The comments are offered only to pass on the author’s limited knowledge of the studies, and the author makes no claims of having made full and systematic reviews of the articles in the lists.

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Scientific evidence base for transactional analysis in the year 2010 Annex 2 – the Psychotherapy List: References to research on Transactional Analysis psychotherapy effects 1963-2010

Tests of empathie discrimination, self-concept and locus of control were given before and after a graduate course in supervision. The course was both didactic and experiential and was built on a TA...

Effects of TA Instruction on Empathy, Self-Esteem, Control:

In an attempt to apply counselor training methods to new settings, empathic communications skills were taught to a group of allied health professionals including medical technologists, dietitians, and physical therapists at Virginie Commonwealth University. The results of the study demonstrated that (1) allied health professionals could be taught more effective communications skllls and (2) even relatively strong and consistent response patterns could be altered in a positive way through partlcipation in a relatively short-term training program.

The Effects of a Communications Course for Health Professionals on Empathy Discrimination

Based upon current research findings, this article describes a small group approach to teaching job interview skills to recovering alcoholics and drug abusers. Recovering substance abusers need help in making the transition from treatment to employment. This article presents one way rehabilitation can help satisfy this need.

A Replicable Program for Teaching Job Interview Skills To Recovering Substance Abusers

Many persons who are mentally retarded want and need to work. Yet, historically, they have been denied free access . to the work force. One of the main reasons for this limited access, according to Dahl (1982), was not because of a legitimate iilcompatibility between the retarded worker and the job, but, instead, because of the assumption of an incompatibility on the part of counselors. Today, however, the situation is improving. Due in large part to the efforts of Congress, state legislatures, and the courts, the employability of persons who are retarded is receiving increased attention from rehabilitation counselors and placement specialists (Wehman & Hill, 1981). Competitive employment is an option that must be considered more closely than it was in the past by counselors who work with clients who are retarded. As rehabilitation counselors increase their understanding of the issues and realities pertaining to the employment of clients who are retarded, they, in turn, will be in a better position to help retarded clients prepare for work. The following 15 item quiz focuses upon some of the major issues, realities, and misconceptions surrounding the employment of persons who are mentally retarded. Check yourself and see how enlightened you are about the employment. of a significant number of citizens. Answers with explanations and references follow the quiz.

Andrew V. Beale

Papers

Effects of TA Instruction on Empathy, Self-Esteem, Control:

The Effects of a Communications Course for Health Professionals on Empathy Discrimination

A Replicable Program for Teaching Job Interview Skills To Recovering Substance Abusers

Employment for Clients Who are Mentally Retarded: Misconceptions & Realities