ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation : The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

/pdf/2015-esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-coronary-6did6h5nxk.pdf

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)

/pdf/2017-esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-myocardial-14hhjrfylv.pdf

2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

99mTc
: technetium-99m
201TI
: thallium 201
ABCB1
: ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1
ABI
: ankle-brachial index
ACC
: American College of Cardiology
ACCF
: American College of Cardiology Foundation
ACCOMPLISH
: Avoiding Cardiovascular Events Through Combination Therapy in Patients Living With Systolic Hypertension
ACE
: angiotensin converting enzyme
ACIP
: Asymptomatic Cardiac Ischaemia Pilot
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADA
: American Diabetes Association
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AHA
: American Heart Association
ARB
: angiotensin II receptor antagonist
ART
: Arterial Revascularization Trial
ASCOT
: Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial
ASSERT
: Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation and Stroke Evaluation in pacemaker patients and the atrial fibrillation Reduction atrial pacing Trial
AV
: atrioventricular
BARI 2D
: Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2 Diabetes
BEAUTIFUL
: Morbidity-Mortality Evaluation of the If Inhibitor Ivabradine in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction
BIMA
: bilateral internal mammary artery
BMI
: body mass index
BMS
: bare metal stent
BNP
: B-type natriuretic peptide
BP
: blood pressure
b.p.m.
: beats per minute
CABG
: coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
: coronary artery disease
CAPRIE
: Clopidogrel vs. Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischaemic Events
CASS
: Coronary Artery Surgery Study
CCB
: calcium channel blocker
CCS
: Canadian Cardiovascular Society
CFR
: coronary flow reserve
CHARISMA
: Clopidogrel for High Atherothrombotic Risk and Ischaemic Stabilization, Management and Avoidance
CI
: confidence interval
CKD
: chronic kidney disease
CKD-EPI
: Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration
CMR
: cardiac magnetic resonance
CORONARY
: The CABG Off or On Pump Revascularization Study
COURAGE
: Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation
COX-1
: cyclooxygenase-1
COX-2
: cyclooxygenase-2
CPG
: Committee for Practice Guidelines
CT
: computed tomography
CTA
: computed tomography angiography
CV
: cardiovascular
CVD
: cardiovascular disease
CXR
: chest X-ray
CYP2C19*2
: cytochrome P450 2C19
CYP3A
: cytochrome P3A
CYP3A4
: cytochrome P450 3A4
CYP450
: cytochrome P450
DANAMI
: Danish trial in Acute Myocardial Infarction
DAPT
: dual antiplatelet therapy
DBP
: diastolic blood pressure
DECOPI
: Desobstruction Coronaire en Post-Infarctus
DES
: drug-eluting stents
DHP
: dihydropyridine
DSE
: dobutamine stress echocardiography
EACTS
: European Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery
EECP
: enhanced external counterpulsation
EMA
: European Medicines Agency
EASD
: European Association for the Study of Diabetes
ECG
: electrocardiogram
Echo
: echocardiogram
ED
: erectile dysfunction
EF
: ejection fraction
ESC
: European Society of Cardiology
EXCEL
: Evaluation of XIENCE PRIME or XIENCE V vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization
FAME
: Fractional Flow Reserve vs. Angiography for Multivessel Evaluation
FDA
: Food & Drug Administration (USA)
FFR
: fractional flow reserve
FREEDOM
: Design of the Future Revascularization Evaluation in patients with Diabetes mellitus: Optimal management of Multivessel disease
GFR
: glomerular filtration rate
HbA1c
: glycated haemoglobin
HDL
: high density lipoprotein
HDL-C
: high density lipoprotein cholesterol
HR
: hazard ratio
HRT
: hormone replacement therapy
hs-CRP
: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
HU
: Hounsfield units
ICA
: invasive coronary angiography
IMA
: internal mammary artery
IONA
: Impact Of Nicorandil in Angina
ISCHEMIA
: International Study of Comparative Health Effectiveness with Medical and Invasive Approaches
IVUS
: intravascular ultrasound
JSAP
: Japanese Stable Angina Pectoris
KATP
: ATP-sensitive potassium channels
LAD
: left anterior descending
LBBB
: left bundle branch block
LIMA
: Left internal mammary artery
LDL
: low density lipoprotein
LDL-C
: low density lipoprotein cholesterol
LM
: left main
LMS
: left main stem
LV
: left ventricular
LVEF
: left ventricular ejection fraction
LVH
: left ventricular hypertrophy
MACE
: major adverse cardiac events
MASS
: Medical, Angioplasty, or Surgery Study
MDRD
: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
MERLIN
: Metabolic Efficiency with Ranolazine for Less Ischaemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
MERLIN-TIMI 36
: Metabolic Efficiency with Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
MET
: metabolic equivalents
MI
: myocardial infarction
MICRO-HOPE
: Microalbuminuria, cardiovascular and renal sub-study of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation study
MPI
: myocardial perfusion imaging
MRI
: magnetic resonance imaging
NO
: nitric oxide
NSAIDs
: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSTE-ACS
: non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
NYHA
: New York Heart Association
OAT
: Occluded Artery Trial
OCT
: optical coherence tomography
OMT
: optimal medical therapy
PAR-1
: protease activated receptor type 1
PCI
: percutaneous coronary intervention
PDE5
: phosphodiesterase type 5
PES
: paclitaxel-eluting stents
PET
: positron emission tomography
PRECOMBAT
: Premier of Randomized Comparison of Bypass Surgery vs. Angioplasty Using Sirolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
PTP
: pre-test probability
PUFA
: polyunsaturated fatty acid
PVD
: peripheral vascular disease
QoL
: quality of life
RBBB
: right bundle branch block
REACH
: Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health
RITA-2
: Second Randomized Intervention Treatment of Angina
ROOBY
: Veterans Affairs Randomized On/Off Bypass
SAPT
: single antiplatelet therapy
SBP
: systolic blood pressure
SCAD
: stable coronary artery disease
SCORE
: Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation
SCS
: spinal cord stimulation
SES
: sirolimus-eluting stents
SIMA
: single internal mammary artery
SPECT
: single photon emission computed tomography
STICH
: Surgical Treatment for Ischaemic Heart Failure
SWISSI II
: Swiss Interventional Study on Silent Ischaemia Type II
SYNTAX
: SYNergy between percutaneous coronary intervention with TAXus and cardiac surgery
TC
: total cholesterol
TENS
: transcutaneous electrical neural stimulation
TERISA
: Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina
TIME
: Trial of Invasive vs. Medical therapy
TIMI
: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction
TMR
: transmyocardial laser revascularization
TOAT
: The Open Artery Trial
WOEST
: What is the Optimal antiplatElet and anticoagulant therapy in patients with oral anticoagulation and coronary StenTing

Guidelines summarize and evaluate all evidence available, at the time of the writing process, on a particular issue with the aim of assisting physicians in selecting the best management strategies for an individual patient with a given condition, taking into account the impact on outcome, as well …

/pdf/2013-esc-guidelines-on-the-management-of-stable-coronary-2178xukyyy.pdf

2013 ESC guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease: the Task Force on the management of stable coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology.

Authors/Task Force Members: Franz-Josef Neumann* (ESC Chairperson) (Germany), Miguel Sousa-Uva* (EACTS Chairperson) (Portugal), Anders Ahlsson (Sweden), Fernando Alfonso (Spain), Adrian P. Banning (UK), Umberto Benedetto (UK), Robert A. Byrne (Germany), Jean-Philippe Collet (France), Volkmar Falk (Germany), Stuart J. Head (The Netherlands), Peter Jüni (Canada), Adnan Kastrati (Germany), Akos Koller (Hungary), Steen D. Kristensen (Denmark), Josef Niebauer (Austria), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Petar M. Seferovi c (Serbia), Dirk Sibbing (Germany), Giulio G. Stefanini (Italy), Stephan Windecker (Switzerland), Rashmi Yadav (UK), Michael O. Zembala (Poland) Document Reviewers: William Wijns (ESC Review Co-ordinator) (Ireland), David Glineur (EACTS Review Co-ordinator) (Canada), Victor Aboyans (France), Stephan Achenbach (Germany), Stefan Agewall (Norway), Felicita Andreotti (Italy), Emanuele Barbato (Italy), Andreas Baumbach (UK), James Brophy (Canada), Héctor Bueno (Spain), Patrick A. Calvert (UK), Davide Capodanno (Italy), Piroze M. Davierwala

/pdf/2014-esc-eacts-guidelines-on-myocardial-revascularization-3fr5n9jz36.pdf

2014 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization: The Task Force on Myocardial Revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)Developed with the special contribution of the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI).

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process characterized by atherosclerotic plaque accumulation in the epicardial arteries, whether obstructive or non-obstructive. This process can be modified by lifestyle adjustments, pharmacological therapies, and invasive interventions designed to achieve disease stabilization or regression. The disease can have long, stable periods but can also become unstable at any time, typically due to an acute atherothrombotic event caused by plaque rupture or erosion. However, the disease is chronic, most often progressive, and hence serious, even in clinically apparently silent periods. The dynamic nature of the CAD process results in various clinical presentations, which can be conveniently categorized as either acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). The Guidelines presented here refer to the management of patients with CCS. The natural history of CCS is illustrated in Figure 1.

/pdf/2019-esc-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-management-of-5b7mv2v506.pdf

2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes.

We present the case of a 58-year-old woman with suspected myocardial infarction. Coronarography did not reveal changes
in coronary arteries. Laboratory tests revealed increases in troponin and inflammation parameters, and therefore
MRI was performed. This showed subendocardial ischaemic necrosis with organ viability preservation in the heart
muscle. As a result, myocardial infarction with non obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) was diagnosed.

/pdf/kobieta-w-wieku-58-lat-z-bolem-w-klatce-piersiowej-2oyqhzqbp6.pdf

Kobieta w wieku 58 lat z bólem w klatce piersiowej

There are many available applications for smartphones to measure heart rate (HR) based on a finger pulse wave, without any additional devices. An important feature of the application should be the possibility to detect arrhythmia, especially atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of HR measurement applications, available for smartphones, in terms of the reliability of the measurements and the possibilities for arrhythmia detection.

Evaluation of the usefulness of smartphone-directed applications for measuring heart rate and arrhythmia detection

This paper was published under the Open Access publication model but it should have been published under the standard publication model. The funding statement should be disregarded and the copyright line should read as follows:

Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. & The Author 2011. For permissions please email: moc.puo@snoissimrep.slanruoj.

The online version of this paper has been corrected accordingly. The authors apologize for the error.

/pdf/corrigendum-to-summary-statement-ehra-summit-2010-with-the-bv3rrpea90.pdf

Corrigendum to: ‘Summary Statement. EHRA Summit 2010 with the Participation of Central-Eastern European Countries: “ICD for Life” Initiative - Fighting against Sudden Cardiac Death in Emerging Economies’ [Europace 2011;13:1209–10, doi:10.1093/europace/eur158]

UNLABELLED Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), as assessed using phenylephrine method, and depressed 24-hour heart rate variability (HRV) have been shown to be powerful predictors of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. However, before these tests are widely used, their methodology has to be simplified. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of simple non-invasive BRS parameter (Robbe index, BRS-RI) and short-term HRV, together with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and late potentials (LP) assessment in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) with documented history of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). MATERIAL AND METHODS The observation was conducted on 53 patients after MI with documented VT or VF. They were was divided into two groups: with or without recurrence arrhythmia. During the follow-up malignant ventricular arrhythmia events occurred in 31 patients VT/VF(+), no VT or VF was recorded in the 22 subjects VT/VF(-). In all patients the following parameters were analyzed: BRS-RI (transfer function, 0.07-0.14 Hz), HRV parameters such as: SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50, LF LF (NU), LF/HF. Additionally, LVEF and LP were assessed. RESULTS In the VT/VF(+) and VT/VF(-) groups, values of analyzed parameters were: BRS-RI: 4.4 +/- 2.5 and 8.4 +/- 6.1 ms/mm Hg (p=0.03); BRS-RI < or = 3 ms/mm Hg: 8/15 and 2/16 (p=0.02); SDNN: 23.0 +/- 18.0 and 20.0 +/- 11.6 ms (p=0.99); rMSSD: 70.9 +/- 69.8 and 34.1 +/- 30.2 ms (p=0.34); pNN50: 10.7 +/- 14.6 and 4.4 +/- 9.0% (p=0.7); LF: 204.5 +/- 509.7 and 160.7 +/- 265.8 ms2 (p=0.95); LF (NU): 0.5 +/- 0.4 and 0.5 +/- 0.3 (NU) (p=0.77); LF/HF: 1.3 +/- 1.2 and 2.1 +/- 2.2 (p=0.49); LVEF: 32.5 +/- 9.1 and 39.8 +/- 13.3% (p=0.03); LP: 19/24 and 15/19 (p=0.99). The only indices of prognostic values were Robbe-index and LVEF. Their prognostic value in prediction of arrhythmic event occurrence was independent of each other's and of age, time elapsed from MI and number of MI (p=0.007). Non-diagnostic values of BRS-RI were found in 22 patients (42%). CONCLUSIONS Among the evaluated indices, only LVEF and Robbe-index have prognostic value in prediction of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia recurrence after myocardial infarction. However, a high percentage of non-diagnostic values obtained in BRS-RI assessment limits the usefulness of this index.

[Attempt to assess the risk of recurrence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia using simple non-invasive tests].

Wspolczesne kardiowertery-defibrylatory serca (ICD) wyposazone są w programy elektrofizjologiczne
(stymulacja burst, protokol shock on T) umozliwiające wyzwalanie arytmii bez konieczności
wprowadzania do serca dodatkowych elektrod. Programy te zazwyczaj wykorzystuje
sie podczas pooperacyjnej kontroli chorych z ICD przeprowadzanej w celu oceny detekcji
i skuteczności przerywania migotania komor (VF). U niektorych pacjentow nawet kilkakrotne
powtarzanie prob z wykorzystaniem obu tych metod nie doprowadza jednak do wyzwolenia VF,
co stanowi istotny problem kliniczny. 
Nieliczne dane z piśmiennictwa wskazują na mozliwośc nieinwazyjnego wyzwalania VF poprzez
stymulacje serca wiązką impulsow typu burst przy uzyciu ICD z jednoczesnym wyzwoleniem
niezsynchronizowanego impulsu z defibrylatora zewnetrznego. 
Celem pracy bylo przedstawienie przypadkow 2 z 6 chorych, u ktorych z powodzeniem zastosowano
te metode. Metoda określona przez autorow jako shock on burst okazala sie skutecznym sposobem
indukcji migotania komor u pacjentow z ICD. Umozliwia ona wyzwolenie arytmii w przypadku
nieskuteczności typowo stosowanych metod, dzieki czemu mozna uniknąc wprowadzania dodatkowych
elektrod wewnątrzsercowych podczas testu ICD. (Folia Cardiol. 2003; 10: 823–827)

/pdf/shock-on-burst-skuteczna-nieinwazyjna-metoda-indukcji-34ekdilret.pdf

Andrzej Lubiński

Papers

Kobieta w wieku 58 lat z bólem w klatce piersiowej

Evaluation of the usefulness of smartphone-directed applications for measuring heart rate and arrhythmia detection

Corrigendum to: ‘Summary Statement. EHRA Summit 2010 with the Participation of Central-Eastern European Countries: “ICD for Life” Initiative - Fighting against Sudden Cardiac Death in Emerging Economies’ [Europace 2011;13:1209–10, doi:10.1093/europace/eur158]

[Attempt to assess the risk of recurrence of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia using simple non-invasive tests].

Shock on burst — skuteczna, nieinwazyjna metoda indukcji migotania komór u chorych z kardiowerterem-defibrylatorem serca