A brief history and review of geopolymer technology is presented with the aim of introducing the technology and the vast categories of materials that may be synthesized by alkali-activation of aluminosilicates. The fundamental chemical and structural characteristics of geopolymers derived from metakaolin, fly ash and slag are explored in terms of the effects of raw material selection on the properties of geopolymer composites. It is shown that the raw materials and processing conditions are critical in determining the setting behavior, workability and chemical and physical properties of geopolymeric products. The structural and chemical characteristics that are common to all geopolymeric materials are presented, as well as those that are determined by the specific interactions occurring in different systems, providing the ability for tailored design of geopolymers to specific applications in terms of both technical and commercial requirements.

Geopolymer technology: the current state of the art

http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/u/gur/cement%20for%20the%20future.pdf

Alkali-activated fly ashes: A cement for the future

The Role of Inorganic Polymer Technology in the Development of ‘Green Concrete’

Understanding the relationship between geopolymer composition, microstructure and mechanical properties

Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e) emissions: A comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete

Phase composition of fly ash based geocements after treatment at a low temperature is represented by zeolite-like products in amorphous or crystalline state which are capable to re-crystallize into stable feldspar-like aluminosilicates without destroying the underlying skeleton. It may afford a pathway worth exploring for the production of non-fired quasi-ceramic materials.

Fly Ash Based Geocements: Genesis of Microstructure and Properties at Hydration-Dehydration Process

Trabajo presentado al 15th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement (ICCC), celebrado en Praga (Republica Checa) del 16 al 20 de septiembre de 2019.

/pdf/effect-of-curing-temperature-in-the-hydration-of-a-belite-2508uknd61.pdf

Effect of curing temperature in the hydration of a belite cement with high level of fly ash

The stuccos and concretes from the Roman city of Baelo Claudia, a relatively small location based on the fishing industry (near present-day Tarifa, South Spain), have been studied. As a consequence of this study the nature and composition of those materials and the causes of their deterioration have been established. The main cause of the stucco and concrete decay is biodeterioration.

/pdf/causes-and-forms-of-decay-of-stuccos-andconcretes-from-the-1pfa4llhdf.pdf

Causes And Forms Of Decay Of Stuccos AndConcretes From The Roman City Of Baelo Claudia(Southern Spain)

125 paginas.-- 46 figuras.-- 19 referencias.- (Documento sin fecha posiblemente 1997).- Este estudio es parte V del "Estudio diagnosis de los conjuntos y yacimientos arqueologicos de la comunidad autonoma andaluza en su contexto geomorfologico, biologico y climatico"

Estudio de los procesos de alteración de las rocas y pinturas de los abrigos de Atlanterra y Alemanes (Cadiz) y de los Letreros (Almeria)

Hybrid alkaline cements are multi-component systems containing a high percentage of mineral additions (fly ash, blast furnace slag), low proportions (<30%) of Portland clinker and scarce amounts of alkaline activators. The substantially lower amount of clinker needed to manufacture these binders in comparison to ordinary Portland cement is both economically and ecologically beneficial. Their enormous versatility in terms of the raw materials used has made them the object of considerable interest. The present study explored the mechanical strength of binary blends mixes; B1= 20% clinker (CK) + 80% fly ash (FA) and B2=20% clinker + 80% blast furnace slag (BFS), both hydrated in the presence and absence of an alkaline activator specifically designed for this purpose. The use of the activator enhanced the development of early age strength considerably. All the hydrated matrices were characterised with XRD, SEM/EDX and (29Si and 27Al) NMR. The use of the alkaline activator generated reaction products consisting primarily of a mix of gels ((N,C)-A-S-H and C-A-S-H) whose respective proportions were found to depend upon system composition and initial reactivity.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/96/1/012006/pdf

Ángel Palomo

Papers

Fly Ash Based Geocements: Genesis of Microstructure and Properties at Hydration-Dehydration Process

Effect of curing temperature in the hydration of a belite cement with high level of fly ash

Causes And Forms Of Decay Of Stuccos AndConcretes From The Roman City Of Baelo Claudia(Southern Spain)

Estudio de los procesos de alteración de las rocas y pinturas de los abrigos de Atlanterra y Alemanes (Cadiz) y de los Letreros (Almeria)

Cements with low Clinker Content