THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

This article presents an overview of the developments in stainless steels made since the 1990s. Some of the new applications that involve the use of stainless steel are also introduced. A brief introduction to the various classes of stainless steels, their precipitate phases and the status quo of their production around the globe is given first. The advances in a variety of subject areas that have been made recently will then be presented. These recent advances include (1) new findings on the various precipitate phases (the new J phase, new orientation relationships, new phase diagram for the Fe–Cr system, etc.); (2) new suggestions for the prevention/mitigation of the different problems and new methods for their detection/measurement and (3) new techniques for surface/bulk property enhancement (such as laser shot peening, grain boundary engineering and grain refinement). Recent developments in topics like phase prediction, stacking fault energy, superplasticity, metadynamic recrystallisation and the calculation of mechanical properties are introduced, too. In the end of this article, several new applications that involve the use of stainless steels are presented. Some of these are the use of austenitic stainless steels for signature authentication (magnetic recording), the utilisation of the cryogenic magnetic transition of the sigma phase for hot spot detection (the Sigmaplugs), the new Pt-enhanced radiopaque stainless steel (PERSS) coronary stents and stainless steel stents that may be used for magnetic drug targeting. Besides recent developments in conventional stainless steels, those in the high-nitrogen, low-Ni (or Ni-free) varieties are also introduced. These recent developments include new methods for attaining very high nitrogen contents, new guidelines for alloy design, the merits/demerits associated with high nitrogen contents, etc.

Recent developments in stainless steels

Cellulosic/synthetic fibre reinforced polymer hybrid composites: A review

The Foundations of Statistics By Prof. Leonard J. Savage. (Wiley Publications in Statistics.) Pp. xv + 294. (New York; John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; London: Chapman and Hall, Ltd., 1954.) 48s. net.

Probability and Statistical Inference

Poisson's ratio values for rocks

Detection and evaluation of embedded mild steel can material into 18 Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened steel tubes by magnetic Barkhausen emission

Ultrasonic technique is useful for viewing the internals of sodium cooled fast reactors. Ultrasonic transducer is the key element to carry out ultrasonic viewing and inspection. Sodium compatible high temperature ultrasonic transducers are being developed for this application. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) crystal is used as active element. Nickel (Ni) face plate is used to facilitate sodium wetting at low temperatures. Bonding of the PZT crystal to the nickel faceplate is carried out by soldering/diffusion bonding techniques. Bond quality is important as it influences the performance of the transducer. Ascertaining the bond quality would help in fabricating high quality transducers. We have used under water ultrasonic C-scan imaging technique to assess the bond quality. In order to develop the technique, studies have been performed on a few transducers using reference defects introduced at the interface. Bond quality of the diffusion bonded high temperature transducers has been checked before and after exposure to high temperatures and the results are discussed in this paper.

Characterization of Sodium Compatible Ultrasonic Transducers Using Ultrasonic C-Scan Imaging

Synthetic Focusing of Sound Beam Using Linear Array

Logic obfuscation is widely followed in intellectual property cores and chip designs as hardware protection mechanism against design security threats such as reverse engineering (RE), piracy, cloning, overbuilding, etc. In general, sequential obfuscation has two modes of operation such as obfuscated and functional modes. Finite state machines (FSM) are being used to implement the mode control. When a specific sequence of input vectors is applied during power up for user authentication, the circuit will enter into functional mode. Otherwise, FSM remains in obfuscated mode and do not perform the intended functionality. In general, hardware obfuscation technique is applicable to all programmable logic devices. However, we applied the structural modification based netlist obfuscation methodology to field programmable gate array devices. The software implementation of sequential obfuscation is performed for a set of ISCAS'89 benchmark circuits using Libero IDE v9.1 on Actel device. As simulation/ structural analysis are the conventional methods to perform RE, we aimed to achieve a high percentage of simulation / structural mismatch during RE. We presented two scenarios of obfuscation: 1) For better structural mismatch during RE, insertion of obfuscation cells at different numbers of high fanout (HF) nets with minimum initialization sequence length (L). As per the designer's area constraint, the total number of nets to be obfuscated is chosen. 2) For better functional simulation mismatch during RE, FSM with different L values is included in the design with a minimum number of obfuscation cells. The initialization sequence length is decided concerning the system clock cycle (i.e. delay constraint). Based on the control signals derived from FSM, the values at HF obfuscated nets are decided. That is, the circuit executes the required functionality only in the functional mode. Hence, the simulation/ structural RE complexity of PLDs is improved. This paper discusses the simulation results of above-discussed scenarios using area, delay and power measurements.

Anish Kumar

Papers

Detection and evaluation of embedded mild steel can material into 18 Cr-oxide dispersion strengthened steel tubes by magnetic Barkhausen emission

Characterization of Sodium Compatible Ultrasonic Transducers Using Ultrasonic C-Scan Imaging

Synthetic Focusing of Sound Beam Using Linear Array

Structural modification based netlist obfuscation technique for PLDs

Detection of subassembly bowing in a fast breeder reactor using glancing angle ultrasonic imaging