Large-Scale Fabrication of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Their Utilization in Polymeric Composites with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties

More than a decade of research in the field of thermal, motion, vibration and electromagnetic radiation energy harvesting has yielded increasing power output and smaller embodiments. Power management circuits for rectification and DC-DC conversion are becoming able to efficiently convert the power from these energy harvesters. This paper summarizes recent energy harvesting results and their power management circuits.

Micropower energy harvesting

Solid-state batteries have been attracting wide attention for next generation energy storage devices due to the probability to realize higher energy density and superior safety performance compared with the state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries. However, there are still intimidating challenges for developing low cost and industrially scalable solid-state batteries with high energy density and stable cycling life for large-scale energy storage and electric vehicle applications. This review presents an overview on the scientific challenges, fundamental mechanisms, and design strategies for solid-state batteries, specifically focusing on the stability issues of solid-state electrolytes and the associated interfaces with both cathode and anode electrodes. First, we give a brief overview on the history of solid-state battery technologies, followed by introduction and discussion on different types of solid-state electrolytes. Then, the associated stability issues, from phenomena to fundamental understandings, are intensively discussed, including chemical, electrochemical, mechanical, and thermal stability issues; effective optimization strategies are also summarized. State-of-the-art characterization techniques and in situ and operando measurement methods deployed and developed to study the aforementioned issues are summarized as well. Following the obtained insights, perspectives are given in the end on how to design practically accessible solid-state batteries in the future.

Approaching Practically Accessible Solid-State Batteries: Stability Issues Related to Solid Electrolytes and Interfaces

Easy processing and flexibility of polymer electrolytes make them very promising in developing all-solid-state lithium batteries. However, their low room-temperature conductivity and poor mechanical and thermal properties still hinder their applications. Here, we use Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 (LLZTO) ceramics to trigger structural modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer electrolyte. By combining experiments and first-principle calculations, we find that La atom of LLZTO could complex with the N atom and C═O group of solvent molecules such as N,N-dimethylformamide along with electrons enriching at the N atom, which behaves like a Lewis base and induces the chemical dehydrofluorination of the PVDF skeleton. Partially modified PVDF chains activate the interactions between the PVDF matrix, lithium salt, and LLZTO fillers, hence leading to significantly improved performance of the flexible electrolyte membrane (e.g., a high ionic conductivity of about 5 × 10–4 S cm–1 at 25 °C, high mechanical s...

Synergistic Coupling between Li6.75La3Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 and Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Induces High Ionic Conductivity, Mechanical Strength, and Thermal Stability of Solid Composite Electrolytes

A review of lithium and non-lithium based solid state batteries

A quasi-solid-state supercapacitor is fabricated using a biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), and graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) capacitive electrodes. The GPE film comprises biodegradable polymer cellulose acetate (CA), ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (EMImSCN) and dopant salt potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). The polymeric gel films are prepared using the standard “solution cast technique” and characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravemetric analysis (TGA), Impedance spectroscopy, and Linear sweep voltammetry techniques. The synthesized GPE exhibits maximum room temperature ionic conductivity ∼1.2 x 10−3 S cm−1 and an electrochemical stability window of ∼2.4 V. The electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) is configured by sandwiching the GPE film between two graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) electrodes. The performance of the EDLC cell is evaluated in terms of specific capacitance, rate, and pulse power by using cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance measurement techniques.

Structural, thermal, and electrochemical studies of biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor

Effect of POSS-PEG on ionic conductivity and relaxation of solid polymer electrolytes

Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPE) have been prepared by blending poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol) (POSS- PEG) with lithium bis(oxalate) borate (LiBOB). Different thermal, electrical and electrochemical studies exhibit promising characteristics of these polymer electrolytes, suitable as electrolytes in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. POSS-PEG was highly compatible with PEO up to 50 wt% and resulted in single $\mathbf{T}_{\mathbf{g}}$ and increased ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of the nanocomposites increased to $3.98\times 10^{-6}$ S/cm at 50 wt% of POSS-PEG by more than 2 orders of magnitude. POSS-PEG nanoparticles sustainably increased ionic conductivity without impeding chain motion of polymer and were highly compatible with PEO up to 50 wt% of POSS-PEG, which can mitigate the restriction of the amount of nanoparticles introduction. The Li/PEO-LiBOB-POSS PEG/LiFeP0 4 coin-typed cell cycled at 0.1 C shows the $1^{\mathbf{st}}$ discharge capacity about 146 mAh $\mathbf{g}^{-1}$ , and remains 126.2 mAh $\mathbf{g}^{-1}$ on the $50^{\mathbf{th}}$ cycle. Overall, these results indicate that POSS-PEG nanocomposites can be potentially useful as a new class of nanocomposite polymer electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries.

A Novel Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte for Application in Solid State Lithium Ion Battery

The idea to explore new 'Superionic Electrolytes', "Fast ionic conductors" is due to their tremendous potential applications in solid state electrochemical devices viz solid state batteries, fuel cells, sensors, super capacitors Superionic glasses have attracted great deal of attention due to their several advantageous over their crystalline counterparts such as high ionic conductivity, easy preparation, wide selection of compositions, isotropic properties and high stability etc [4-7] Large numbers of silver ion based glasses have been reported in the literature for the glassy system of AgI:Ag2O: MxOy (MxOy = B2O3, SiO2, P2O5, GeO2, V2O5, As2O5, CrO3, SeO2, MoO3 & TeO3 etc many of them shows high silver ion conductivity [8] Ion transport behavior of Silver Boro Tungstate glass system x[075AgI:025AgCl]: (1-x) [Ag2O{B2O3:WO3}], where 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 in molar wt% prepared by melt quench technique were reported The new host [075AgI:025AgCl] was used as a better alternate in place of conventional host salt AgI Conductivity measurement were carried out on this glass system as a function of frequency from 50 Hz to 5 MHz, over a temperature range of 27°C to 200°C, for different compositions by Impedance spectroscopy The composition 07[075AgI:025AgCl]: 03[Ag2O{B2O3:WO3}] shows the highest conductivity of the order of σrt ~ 276 × 10-2 S/cm, referred to as the Optimum Conducting Composition (OCC) The enhancement in the conductivity has been obtained by mixed former effect XRD result shows that the system is completely amorphous Temperature dependence of conductivity of all compositions were studied & reported Activation energies (Ea) were also evaluated from the slope of Log(σ) vs 1000/T, Arrhenius plots

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/365/1/012034/pdf

Anji Reddy Polu

Papers

Structural, thermal, and electrochemical studies of biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor

Effect of POSS-PEG on ionic conductivity and relaxation of solid polymer electrolytes

A Novel Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte for Application in Solid State Lithium Ion Battery

Effect of Mixed Glass Former on Ionic Conductivity of Silver Boro Tungstate glass system x[0.75AgI:0.25AgCl]: (1-x) [Ag2O-{B2O3:WO3}]

Structural, magnetoelectric properties of multidoped Ni–Al ferrites for microwave circulator applications