http://www.sciencemadness.org/talk/files.php?pid=302583&aid=26587

Azole-based energetic salts.

Fabrication of RDX, HMX and CL-20 based microcapsules via in situ polymerization of melamine–formaldehyde resins with reduced sensitivity

In this review, we document the most recent developments in azo-linked heteroaromatic (imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, triazine, tetrazine and oxadiazole) high-nitrogen energetic materials and their salts. In this account, a wide range of azo materials such as coordination polymers and metal–organics are also included. The synthesis of these azo based compounds, their physical and explosive properties are presented. These energetic compounds generally exhibit desirable properties and performance, which in some cases are superior to those of the common energetic materials RDX, TNT, and TATB.

Azo-linked high-nitrogen energetic materials

N-Trinitroethylamino energetic derivatives were obtained from carbon and nitrogen functionalization of nitropyrazoles and nitrotriazoles. N-Trinitroethylamino nitroazoles and N-amino nitroazoles were fully characterized by IR, multinuclear NMR spectra, and elemental analyses. Compounds 10, 11 and 15 were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray structuring. N-Functionalized nitroazoles have moderate to excellent thermal stabilities with good densities. Data based on impact and friction tests show these compounds range from very sensitive to insensitive. Theoretical calculations carried out using Gaussian 03 demonstrate good to excellent detonation pressures and velocities, as well as high specific impulse.

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Anthony R. Di Stasio

Papers

RDX-based nanocomposite microparticles for significantly reduced shock sensitivity

Single-step production and formulation of HMX nanocrystals

Investigation of the crystallization of RDX during spray drying