Showing papers by "Antonio Mecozzi published in 2013"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study the properties of nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in fiber-optic communications systems with large accumulated dispersion, and derive the true NLIN power and verify that the NLIN is not additive Gaussian, but rather it depends strongly on the data transmitted in the channel of interest.
Abstract: We study the properties of nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in fiber-optic communications systems with large accumulated dispersion. Our focus is on settling the discrepancy between the results of the Gaussian noise (GN) model (according to which NLIN is additive Gaussian) and a recently published time-domain analysis, which attributes drastically different properties to the NLIN. Upon reviewing the two approaches we identify several unjustified assumptions that are key in the derivation of the GN model, and that are responsible for the discrepancy. We derive the true NLIN power and verify that the NLIN is not additive Gaussian, but rather it depends strongly on the data transmitted in the channel of interest. In addition we validate the time-domain model numerically and demonstrate the strong dependence of the NLIN on the interfering channels' modulation format.
303 citations
TL;DR: The true NLIN power is derived and it is verified that the NLIN is not additive Gaussian, but rather it depends strongly on the data transmitted in the channel of interest.
Abstract: We study the properties of nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) in fiber-optic communications systems with large accumulated dispersion. Our focus is on settling the discrepancy between the results of the Gaussian noise (GN) model (according to which NLIN is additive Gaussian) and a recently published time-domain analysis, which attributes drastically different properties to the NLIN. Upon reviewing the two approaches we identify several unjustified assumptions that are key in the derivation of the GN model, and that are responsible for the discrepancy. We derive the true NLIN power and verify that the NLIN is not additive Gaussian, but rather it depends strongly on the data transmitted in the channel of interest. In addition we validate the time-domain model numerically and demonstrate the strong dependence of the NLIN on the interfering channels' modulation format.
294 citations
TL;DR: This analysis shows that the average crosstalk is primarily determined by the wavenumber mismatch, by the correlation length of the random perturbations, and by the coherencelength of the degenerate modes, whereas the effect of a deterministic group velocity difference is negligible.
Abstract: We study random coupling induced crosstalk between groups of degenerate modes in spatially multiplexed optical transmission. Our analysis shows that the average crosstalk is primarily determined by the wavenumber mismatch, by the correlation length of the random perturbations, and by the coherence length of the degenerate modes, whereas the effect of a deterministic group velocity difference is negligible. The standard deviation of the crosstalk is shown to be comparable to its average value, implying that crosstalk measurements are inherently noisy.
69 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that all of the previously not understood discrepancies between the Gaussian noise model and simulations can be attributed to the omission of an important, recently reported, fourth-order noise (FON) term, that accounts for the statistical dependencies within the spectrum of the interfering channel.
Abstract: Through a series of extensive system simulations we show that all of the previously not understood discrepancies between the Gaussian noise (GN) model and simulations can be attributed to the omission of an important, recently reported, fourth-order noise (FON) term, that accounts for the statistical dependencies within the spectrum of the interfering channel. We examine the importance of the FON term as well as the dependence of NLIN on modulation format with respect to link-length and number of spans. A computationally efficient method for evaluating the FON contribution, as well as the overall NLIN power is provided.
38 citations
TL;DR: The theory of Raman amplification in long multimode optical fibers, where strong random mode coupling within groups of quasi-degenerate modes is unavoidable is presented.
Abstract: We present the theory of Raman amplification in long multimode optical fibers, where strong random mode coupling within groups of quasi-degenerate modes is unavoidable. In such fibers, the signal components in modes that belong to the same strongly coupled group experience the same Raman amplification, where the differential gain is linearly dependent on the aggregate powers of the pump in each of the mode groups. The equations that we derive significantly facilitate the numerical and analytical study of Raman amplification in long multimode fibers.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a semi-analytic study of the nonlinear dynamics of reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs), based on the derivation of a reduced model that gives the input-output RSOA transmission function as the solution of a standard differential equation.
Abstract: Reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers (RSOAs) became a key-technology for the implementation of next generation local area passive optical networks (PONs). In this letter, we present a semi-analytic study of their nonlinear dynamics, based on the derivation of a reduced model that gives the input-output RSOA transmission function as the solution of a standard differential equation. The reduced model is computationally more efficient than full-scale computer simulations of time-domain models, and can be used for a fully analytic study of four wave mixing in the context of WDM- and OFDM-based PONs.
22 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of nonlinear interference noise on the length of the amplified span in systems with lumped amplification was explored and it was shown that the dependence on modulation format and the magnitude of the phase-noise component of the NLIN reduced with increasing span-length.
Abstract: We explore the dependence of nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) on the length of the amplified span in systems with lumped amplification. We show that in multi-span systems the dependence on modulation format and the magnitude of the phase-noise component of the NLIN reduce with increasing span-length.
19 citations
28 Oct 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental equations describing nonlinear propagation in multi-mode fibers in the presence of random mode coupling within quasi-degenerate groups of strongly coupled modes were reviewed.
Abstract: We review the fundamental equations describing nonlinear propagation in multi-mode fibers in the presence of random mode coupling within quasi-degenerate groups of strongly coupled modes. Our results generalize to the multi-mode propagation regime the Manakov equation describing mode coupling between polarizations in single-mode fibers.
5 citations
09 Jun 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that optically amplified multi-span transmission systems are suboptimal in terms of fundamental energy consumption, and they use generalized on-off keying with photon-counting inline regeneration.
Abstract: We show that optically amplified multi-span transmission systems are suboptimal in terms of fundamental energy consumption. Using generalized on-off keying with photon-counting inline regeneration improves the fundamental energy consumption by orders of magnitude.
4 citations
17 Mar 2013
TL;DR: It is shown that nonlinear propagation in the presence of random mode coupling is described by coupled multi-component Manakov equations, and the system implications on communications performance and information capacity are discussed.
Abstract: We discuss the modeling of nonlinear propagation in multi-mode optical fibers. We show that nonlinear propagation in the presence of random mode coupling is described by coupled multi-component Manakov equations. The system implications of these equations on communications performance and information capacity are discussed.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the generalized Manakov equations describing nonlinear propagation in multimode and multicore fiber structures in the presence of random mode coupling are extended to model multimode Raman amplification.
Abstract: We present the generalized Manakov equations describing nonlinear propagation in multimode and multicore fiber structures in the presence of random mode coupling and show how they can be extended to model multimode Raman amplification.
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: The Italian research project ROAD-NGN as discussed by the authors proposed an Optical Frequency/Wavelength Division Multiple Access (OFDMMA) for next generation networks (NGN-Nets).
Abstract: The Italian research project ROAD-NGN ‘Optical frequency/wavelength division multiple access techniques for next generation networks’ / G. Cincotti; P. Boffi; G. Maier; E. Ciaramella; L. Valcarenghi; R. Gaudino; F. Matera; A. Mecozzi;M. Santagiustina; F. Vatalaro. STAMPA. (2013), pp. 1-4. ((Intervento presentato al convegno FOTONICA 2014 tenutosi a Milano, Italy nel 21/23 maggio 2013. Original The Italian research project ROAD-NGN ‘Optical frequency/wavelength division multiple access techniques for next generation networks’
01 Oct 2013
TL;DR: The quantum limit for the energy efficiency of a multi-span system deploying generalized on-off keying with photon-counting inline regeneration exceeds by orders of magnitude that of state-of-the-art systems employing inline optical amplification.
Abstract: We study the fundamental energy consumption of fiber-optic communications links. We show that the quantum limit for the energy efficiency of a multi-span system deploying generalized on-off keying with photon-counting inline regeneration exceeds by orders of magnitude that of state-of-the-art systems employing inline optical amplification.
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized Stokes space representation is introduced for handling multi-mode fiber propagation in the presence of mode coupling, and the modal dispersion vector and its statistics are characterized.
Abstract: We discuss the modeling of linear and nonlinear propagation in multi-mode optical fibers in the context of
optical communications. A generalized Stokes space representation is introduced for handling multi-mode fiber
propagation in the presence of mode coupling. Using this formalism, we define the modal dispersion vector and
characterize its statistics. We also show that nonlinear propagation in the presence of random mode coupling is
described by coupled multi-component Manakov equations, giving rise to interesting new physical phenomena.
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TL;DR: It is shown that the effect of nonlinear interference in WDM systems is equivalent to slowly varying inter-symbol-interference (ISI), and hence its cancelation can be carried out by means of adaptive linear filtering.
Abstract: We show that the effect of nonlinear interference in WDM systems is equivalent to slowly varying inter-symbol-interference (ISI), and hence its cancellation can be carried out by means of adaptive linear filtering We characterize the ISI coefficients and discuss the potential gain following from their cancellation
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TL;DR: This work considers a line with noise in the simplest case and shows that the capacity of this capacity is the quantum analog to the Shannon capacity of a linear channel with additive white Gaussian noise, namely the difference of the Von Neumann entropy of the signal plus noise at the output of the line and the entropy ofThe noise alone.
Abstract: We consider a line with noise in the simplest case. Loss does not add noise. Amplification via phase insensitive amplifiers do add noise. A lower bound of this capacity is the quantum analog to the Shannon capacity of a linear channel with additive white Gaussian noise, namely the difference of the Von Neumann entropy of the signal plus noise at the output of the line and the entropy of the noise alone. We show that this expression is indeed the capacity for the case of an amplifier with infinitesimal gain $G = 1+\epsilon$, and for a cascade of an amplifier with arbitrary gain and a large loss, such that the overall gain of the cascade is infinitesimal.