A novel arrangement of pressure foot and drive therefor for providing a frictional clamping arrangement for holding a workpiece being cut by a router so as to prevent movement of the cutout portion of the workpiece in the last increment of the cut. The pinless pressure foot includes a ring-shaped friction member supported by a slide member adjacent one end of a spindle, circumscribing a cutting tool, for engaging the surface of the workpiece. A plurality of flexure members extend around the spindle, first ends of the flexure members being connected to the slide member. The drive is positioned adjacent the other end of the spindle and is movable axially relative thereto, the drive being connected to the other ends of the flexure members for moving the friction member into contact with the workpiece, the flexure members transmitting the axial force of the drive to the friction member to force the workpiece against a worktable for preventing movement thereof relative to the worktable during completion of the cut. The flexure members permit lateral movement of the friction member relative to the cutting tool during completion of the cut. A locking ring selectively prevents lateral movement of the friction member relative to the cutting tool.

Extensible Markup Language.

Load balancing of energy cloud using wind driven and firefly algorithms in internet of everything

Wireless sensor network (WSN) comprises of huge amount of sensing nodes being used for collecting the data in different situations. WSN finds applications mostly to gather information from remote places such as in environment monitoring, military, in transportation security and so on. The main problem in WSN is the availability of limited energy resources. For enhancing energy efficiency with the lifespan of sensor nodes, in this research, an energy effective routing protocol, low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) along with optimization algorithm genetic algorithm (GA) has been presented. LEACH is a hierarchical protocol which converts the sensor nodes into cluster heads (CH), and CH gathers and compress the data and send it to the target node. Genetic algorithm helps to find the optimal route by using its fitness function. After simulating the code in MATLAB, the energy consumption rate up to 17.39% has been reduced when GA is used. At last, comparison between proposed work and existing work is performed to determine the efficiency of the proposed work.

Genetic algorithm based optimized leach protocol for energy efficient wireless sensor networks

Energy conservation is a major challenge in the Internet of Things (IoT) as the number of resource‐constrained devices is connected to the network. Routing plays a vital role in IoT to ext...

Energy efficient optimal parent selection based routing protocol for Internet of Things using firefly optimization algorithm

In recent years, E-commerce had made a tremendous impact on the world. However before the emergence of E-commerce, individuals can't skim the information about the products within short time of the period, so therefore recommendation system was introduced. The principle point of the recommendation system is to prescribe the most appropriate items to the user. Many of the recommendation systems mainly use content based method, collaborative filtering method, demographic based method and hybrid method. In this paper, the major challenges such as “data sparsity” and “cold start problem” are addressed. To overcome these challenges, we propose a new methodology by combining the clustering algorithm with Eclat Algorithm for better rules generation. Firstly we cluster the rating matrix based on the user similarity. Then we convert the clustered data into Boolean data and applying Eclat Algorithm on Boolean data efficient rules generation takes place. At last based on rules generation recommendation takes place. Our experiments shows that approach not only decrease the sparsity level but also increase the accuracy of a system.

A novel hybrid based recommendation system based on clustering and association mining

Cluster based routing strategies are popular categories of routing protocols among wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In a typical cluster based routing protocols, few nodes are elected as cluster Head (CH) nodes and they form clusters with other nodes of the networks known as cluster members. The data sensed by cluster members is sent to CH node for data aggregation and further processing. Data Aggregation is considered to be one of the important methods used to prolong the network lifetime of WSN. Data aggregation is quite popular among cluster based routing protocols for WSN, where the data packets are aggregated by intermediate nodes till it reaches to BS. Data aggregation ultimately helps in reducing the number of data messages thereby assisting in network life prolongation. In this paper, an intra-cluster data aggregation technique (ICA) for WSNs is proposed. ICA constructs the intra cluster data aggregation path from a source node to its CH node in an energy efficient way. The data packets are aggregated along the aggregation path by intermediate relay nodes till the message reaches to designated CH node. Comparative analysis of ICA, LEACH and LEACH-C protocols are carried by considering the parameters such as number of alive nodes, energy consumption, number of data packets received by BS. Results obtained show that ICA performs better compared to LEACH and LEACH-C protocols.

Energy efficient intra-cluster data aggregation technique for wireless sensor network

Multimedia security is an important field of research in the area of information sharing. In this paper, Fast Encryption Algorithm (FEAL), an encryption/decryption strategy for gray scale images is proposed. The FEAL is a block cipher, also called as Japanese Encryption algorithm. FEAL works almost similar to Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm, but it is faster than DES. To encrypt the images, the input image is split into 16x16 blocks of information. Encryption/Decryption is carried out using 12 keys, each of length 16-bits. The proposed image encryption algorithm is evaluated based on histogram analysis and key sensitivity analysis and results obtained are satisfactory.

Image Encryption based on FEAL Algorithm

Design and development of energy efficient routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is one of the active research fields. Cluster based routing protocols have proven to be energy efficient and LEACH is one of most popular cluster based routing protocol for WSN. But, LEACH suffers from several drawbacks such as possibility of choosing a low energy node as Cluster Head (CH), non-uniform distribution of CHs, etc. In this paper EiP-LEACH (Energy influenced Probability based LEACH) protocol is proposed which is an enhanced version of LEACH protocol that is influenced by the energy parameter for CH selection. EiP-LEACH helps in deciding the better CH nodes and thereby contributes towards network life prolongation. EiP-LEACH is compared with basic LEACH in terms of number of alive nodes, average energy depletion, First Node Dead (FND) and Last Node Dead (LND) and found that EiP-LEACH is far better.

EiP-LEACH: Energy influenced probability based LEACH protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

The mechanical, physical and interfacial properties of aluminum alloys are improved by reinforcing the silicon carbide particles (SiCp). Machinability of such alloys by traditional methods is challenging due to higher tool wear and surface roughness. The objective of research is to investigate the machinability of SiCp reinforced Al6061 composite by Wire-Electrical Discharge Machining (wire-EDM). The effect of wire-EDM parameters namely current (I), pulse-on time (Ton), wire-speed (Ws), voltage (Iv) and pulse-off time (Toff) on material removal rate (MRR) is investigated and their settings are optimized for achieving the high MRR. The experiments are designed by using Taguchi L16 orthogonal arrays. The MRR obtained at different experiments are analyzed using statistical tools. It is observed that all the chosen process parameters showed significant influence of on the MRR with contribution of 27.39%, 22.08%, 21.32%, 15.76% and 12.94% by I, Iv, Toff, Ton and Ws, respectively. At optimum settings, the Wire-EDM resulted in MRR of 65.21 mg/min and 62.41 mg/min for samples with 4% and 8% SiCp. The results also indicated reinforcing SiCp upto 8% showed marginally low influence on MRR. Microstructural investigation of the cut surface revealed the presence of craters with wave pattern on its surface. The top surface of the crater is featured by the recast layers connecting adjacent craters. Further, the statistical model is developed using linear regression to predict the MRR (?2—73.65%) and its predicting accuracy is verified by the confirmation trials. The statistical model is useful for predicting the MRR for different settings of the process parameters. The optimized settings can be used to improve the machining productivity by increasing the MRR while machining of Al6061-SiCp (upto 8 wt. %) alloy by wire-EDM industries.

Optimization and Modeling of Material Removal Rate in Wire-EDM of Silicon Particle Reinforced Al6061 Composite

This paper presents comparison study based on link utilization in the networks running over RIP (Routing information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) and MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS). Poor link utilization in case of RIP and OSPF is identified. A detailed simulation study is performed over MPLS network where we have shown MPLS network has utilized most of links resulting in congestion avoidance, low queuing delays. General Terms Computer Science, Network Technology, Network Simulation

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Anupkumar M Bongale

Papers

Energy efficient intra-cluster data aggregation technique for wireless sensor network

Image Encryption based on FEAL Algorithm

EiP-LEACH: Energy influenced probability based LEACH protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Optimization and Modeling of Material Removal Rate in Wire-EDM of Silicon Particle Reinforced Al6061 Composite

Analysis of Link Utilization in MPLS Enabled Network using OPNET IT Guru