Data Mining Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques

In the last years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention from both the research community and actual users. As sensor nodes are generally battery-powered devices, the critical aspects to face concern how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes, so that the network lifetime can be extended to reasonable times. In this paper we first break down the energy consumption for the components of a typical sensor node, and discuss the main directions to energy conservation in WSNs. Then, we present a systematic and comprehensive taxonomy of the energy conservation schemes, which are subsequently discussed in depth. Special attention has been devoted to promising solutions which have not yet obtained a wide attention in the literature, such as techniques for energy efficient data acquisition. Finally we conclude the paper with insights for research directions about energy conservation in WSNs.

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Energy conservation in wireless sensor networks: A survey

For 100 years, there has been no change in the basic structure of the electrical power grid. Experiences have shown that the hierarchical, centrally controlled grid of the 20th Century is ill-suited to the needs of the 21st Century. To address the challenges of the existing power grid, the new concept of smart grid has emerged. The smart grid can be considered as a modern electric power grid infrastructure for enhanced efficiency and reliability through automated control, high-power converters, modern communications infrastructure, sensing and metering technologies, and modern energy management techniques based on the optimization of demand, energy and network availability, and so on. While current power systems are based on a solid information and communication infrastructure, the new smart grid needs a different and much more complex one, as its dimension is much larger. This paper addresses critical issues on smart grid technologies primarily in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) issues and opportunities. The main objective of this paper is to provide a contemporary look at the current state of the art in smart grid communications as well as to discuss the still-open research issues in this field. It is expected that this paper will provide a better understanding of the technologies, potential advantages and research challenges of the smart grid and provoke interest among the research community to further explore this promising research area.

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Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies and Standards

The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive introduction to applied cryptography with an engineer or computer scientist in mind. The emphasis is on the knowledge needed to create practical systems which supports integrity, confidentiality, or authenticity. Topics covered includes an introduction to the concepts in cryptography, attacks against cryptographic systems, key use and handling, random bit generation, encryption modes, and message authentication codes. Recommendations on algorithms and further reading is given in the end of the paper. This paper should make the reader able to build, understand and evaluate system descriptions and designs based on the cryptographic components described in the paper.

[서평]「Applied Cryptography」

Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups

A survey

Quality of Service (QoS) in Software Defined Networking (SDN)

The most important goal in transportation systems is to reduce the dramatically high number of accidents and fatal consequences. One of the most important factors that would make it possible to reach this goal is the design of effective broadcast protocols. In this paper we present an emergency broadcast protocol designed for sensor inter-vehicle communications and based in geographical routing. Sensors installed in cars continuously gather important information and in any emergency detection raise the need for immediate broadcast. The highway is divided in virtual cells, which moves as the vehicles moves. The cell members choose a cell reflector that behaves for a certain time interval as a base station that handle the emergency messages coming from members of the same cell, or close members from neighbor cells. Besides that the cell reflector serves as an intermediate node in the routing of emergency messages coming from its neighbor cell reflectors and does a prioritization of all messages in order to decide which is the first to be forwarded. After this the message is forwarded through the other cell reflectors. Finally the destination cell reflector sends the message to the destination node. Our simulation results show that our proposed protocol is more effective compared to existing inter-vehicles protocols

Emergency Broadcast Protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communications

Powerline Communications represents an exceptionally promising alternative for high-speed Internet access and data networking. Its strength and popularity can be attributed to its ubiquitous nature and readily available infrastructure. Multiple applications are envisioned and powerlines have become increasing popular choice for creating residential networks. This communication medium has been well studied and standardization of the technologies are undergoing. However, the security aspects of PLC networks are not well studied and there is an urgent need for that. In this paper, we put forth several security requirements needed of PLC networks and justify them through multiple scenarios. We then propose a Security Architecture to realize these requirements.

Securing powerline communications

This paper presents a random asynchronous wakeup (RAW), a power saving technique for sensor networks that reduces energy consumption without significantly affecting the latency or connectivity of the network. RAW builds on the observation that when a region of a shared-channel wireless network has a sufficient density of nodes, only a small number of them need be active at any time to forward the traffic for active connections. RAW is a distributed, randomized algorithm where nodes make local decisions on whether to sleep, or to be active. Each node is awake for a randomly chosen fixed interval per time frame. High node density results in existence of several paths between two given nodes whose path length and delay characteristics are similar to the shortest path. Thus, a packet can be forwarded to any of several nodes in order to be delivered to the destination without affecting much the path length and delay experienced by the packet as compared to forwarding the packet through the shortest path. The improvement in system lifetime, due to RAW, increases as the ratio of idle-to-sleep energy consumption increases, and as the density of the network increases. Through analytical and experimental evaluations, we show that RAW improves communication latency and system lifetime compared to current schemes.

Arjan Durresi

Papers

A survey

Quality of Service (QoS) in Software Defined Networking (SDN)

Emergency Broadcast Protocol for Inter-Vehicle Communications

Securing powerline communications

Random asynchronous wakeup protocol for sensor networks