In this article, an overview of the hybrid welding process is given. After a short historic overview, a review of the fundamental phenomenon taking place when a laser (CO2 or Nd:YAG) interacts in the same molten pool as a more conventional source of energy, e.g. tungsten in-active gas, plasma, or metal inactive gas/metal active gas. This is followed by reports of how the many process parameters governing the hybrid welding process can be set and how the choice of secondary energy source, shielding gas, etc. can affect the overall welding process. An overview of the benefits and drawbacks of hybrid welding is presented, including reports on gap bridging ability, changes in welding speed and weld penetration, overall weld quality, and changes in heat input to the material being welded. This overview is followed by a few examples of industrial applications of hybrid welding. Finally, a section is devoted to explain about further work required in order to understand and tackle the hybrid welding process more efficiently in the future.In this article, an overview of the hybrid welding process is given. After a short historic overview, a review of the fundamental phenomenon taking place when a laser (CO2 or Nd:YAG) interacts in the same molten pool as a more conventional source of energy, e.g. tungsten in-active gas, plasma, or metal inactive gas/metal active gas. This is followed by reports of how the many process parameters governing the hybrid welding process can be set and how the choice of secondary energy source, shielding gas, etc. can affect the overall welding process. An overview of the benefits and drawbacks of hybrid welding is presented, including reports on gap bridging ability, changes in welding speed and weld penetration, overall weld quality, and changes in heat input to the material being welded. This overview is followed by a few examples of industrial applications of hybrid welding. Finally, a section is devoted to explain about further work required in order to understand and tackle the hybrid welding process more ...

Review of laser hybrid welding

Three-dimensional model for numerical analysis of thermal phenomena in laser–arc hybrid welding process

The invention relates to an orbital welding device for mobile use in order to join a first pipe end (1) and a second pipe end (2) along a circumferential joint (3) by means of at least one weld seam (4), particularly for producing a pipeline (5) to be placed on land. The inventive device comprises a guide ring (6), which can be oriented toward the first pipe end (1) and the circumferential joint (3), and an orbital carriage (7) that can be motor-displaced along the guide ring (6) via an advancing device (8). On the orbital carriage (7), a laser welding head (12) for directing a laser beam (10) into a laser welding zone (13) is mounted in a manner that enables it to be oriented toward the circumferential joint (3) whereby enabling the production of the weld seam (4) along the circumferential joint (3) by displacing the orbital carriage (7). The laser beam (10) is produced by a high-power fiber laser beam source (9) located, in particular, on a mobile transport vehicle (35) while being situated at a distance from the orbital carriage (7), is guided by light guide (11) passing though a tube bundle (50) to the orbital carriage (7) and then supplied to the welding head (12). A significant advantage of the invention resides in the fact that the joining of two pipe ends by means of only one single welding process during a short period of time is made possible in the field with autonomous operation.

Orbital welding device for pipeline construction

Laser-arc hybrid welding combines the laser and arc welding processes to provide advantages not found in either. This process can weld lapped steel sheets that have a larger gap than is possible with laser welding. Blowholes form when lap-welding zinc-coated steel sheets because of the zinc that is vaporized. The laser-arc hybrid welding process can lap-weld zinc-coated steel sheets without causing blowholes. The welding speed of laser-arc hybrid welding is nearly equivalent to that of laser welding. Laser-arc hybrid welding produces high-quality lap joints and is ideal for assembly welding of automotive parts.

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Development of laser-arc hybrid welding

A series of hybrid welding (gas metal arc welding-CO 2 laser beam welding) experiments was conducted in which the two energy sources were cou- pled in one process zone on the surface of a 316L austenitic stainless steel work- piece. Arc and laser power were varied in order to study their influence on various bead dimensions. Arc power and, conse- quently, the mode of metal transfer have a great influence on bead width W, arc and laser penetration M and L, and bead rein- forcement R. Increasing arc power in- creases W and L, whereas it reduces M and R. Laser power and hence the laser- induced metal vapor significantly influ- ences the features of the metal transfer mode in the arc process. Higher laser pow- ers prolong the arc burning time T a at the expense of the short circuit frequency Nsc , which assists in increasing M and L. At constant laser power, the contribution of the M solely into the total penetration M + L is always bigger than that of the L. interaction between the two energy sources is optimized. The arc welding process, characterized by relatively lower power density and wider process zone, gives a wide bead, thus enhancing the joint's root bridging ability and enlarging the manufacturing tolerances for joint preparation. Simultaneously, the laser beam process, characterized by higher lo- calized power density, leads to a deeper penetration. Thus in hybrid GMA-laser beam welding, a wide and deep bead is achieved at higher welding speeds when compared with the GMAW process by its own (Ref. 8). This accordingly leads to less heat input per unit length, less thermal distortion, and therefore, less residual stresses, narrower heat-affected zone (HAZ), and more important, increased

The Influence of Various Hybrid Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry Arc power and transfer mode greatly affect bead width, penetration, and reinforcement

Prospects by combining and coupling laser beam and arc welding processes

Es ist ein Schweisverfahren offenbart, bei dem ein Laserstrahlprozes und mindestens zwei MSG-Prozesse gekoppelt werden. Hierdurch werden einerseits die Einsatzmoglichkeiten der MSG-Lichtbogentechnik und der Lasertechnik erheblich erweitert und andererseits Losungsmoglichkeiten fur Schweisaufgaben aufgezeigt, die mit konventionellen Verfahren gar nicht oder nur mit erheblichem Mehraufwand (Spanntechnik, Badsicherung, Mehrlagentechnik etc.) losbar sind. DOLLAR A Weiter offenbart ist eine Vorrichtung zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gekoppelten Laser-MSG-Schweißen

The invention relates to a welding method using a laser beam method in combination with two MIG methods. The aim of the invention is to provide a method and a corresponding device with which large gap widths in thick metal sheets (1) can be bridged. To this end, the two MIG methods are variably and independently carried out with respect to their respective position to the laser beam (7) and their respective adjustments and process parameters and their position in relation to each other. At the same time, components of the entire method are introduced into the welding method in such a manner that the two light arcs interact with the laser beam (7) to produce a common plasma.

Armin Wieschemann

Papers

Prospects by combining and coupling laser beam and arc welding processes

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gekoppelten Laser-MSG-Schweißen

Welding method using a laser beam method in combination with two mig methods and device for carrying out said method

Hybrid technology laser beam - arc welding

Method and apparatus for coupled laser MIG welding