抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

This critical review provides a processing-structure-property perspective on recent advances in cellulose nanoparticles and composites produced from them. It summarizes cellulose nanoparticles in terms of particle morphology, crystal structure, and properties. Also described are the self-assembly and rheological properties of cellulose nanoparticle suspensions. The methodology of composite processing and resulting properties are fully covered, with an emphasis on neat and high fraction cellulose composites. Additionally, advances in predictive modeling from molecular dynamic simulations of crystalline cellulose to the continuum modeling of composites made with such particles are reviewed (392 references).

/pdf/cellulose-nanomaterials-review-structure-properties-and-2z8x922p3v.pdf

Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure, properties and nanocomposites

Intermolecular And Surface Forces

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2003の要求清浄度について － シリコンウエハ表面と雰囲気環境に要求される清浄度, 分析方法の現状について －

With the arising of global climate change and resource shortage, in recent years, increased attention has been paid to environmentally friendly materials. Trees are sustainable and renewable materials, which give us shelter and oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Trees are a primary resource that human society depends upon every day, for example, homes, heating, furniture, and aircraft. Wood from trees gives us paper, cardboard, and medical supplies, thus impacting our homes, school, work, and play. All of the above-mentioned applications have been well developed over the past thousands of years. However, trees and wood have much more to offer us as advanced materials, impacting emerging high-tech fields, such as bioengineering, flexible electronics, and clean energy. Wood naturally has a hierarchical structure, composed of well-oriented microfibers and tracheids for water, ion, and oxygen transportation during metabolism. At higher magnification, the walls of fiber cells have an interes...

https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/pdf2016/fpl_2016_zhu001.pdf

Wood-Derived Materials for Green Electronics, Biological Devices, and Energy Applications.

Follow this and additional works at:http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/nanopubPart of theApplied Mechanics Commons,Dynamics and Dynamical Systems Commons,Engineering Mechanics Commons,Mechanics of Materials Commons,Nanoscience andNanotechnology Commons,Other Mechanical Engineering Commons, and theTribologyCommons

https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1463&context=nanopub

Identification of multiple oscillation states of carbon nanotube tipped cantilevers interacting with surfaces in dynamic atomic force microscopy

This work investigates the effects of asymmetric cross-sectional geometry on the resonant response of silicon nanowires. The work demonstrates that dimensional variances of less than 2% qualitatively alter a nanosystem's near-resonant response, yielding a non-Lorentzian frequency response structure, which is a direct consequence of resonant mode splitting. Experimental results show that this effect is independent of device boundary conditions, and can be easily modeled using continuous beam theory. Proper understanding of this phenomenon is believed to be essential in the characterization of the dynamic response of resonant nanowire systems, and thus the predictive design of such devices.

Sources and implications of resonant mode splitting in silicon nanowire devices.

Benchmarking Undergraduate Manufacturing Engineering Curricula in the United States

Elastic deformation mechanics of cellulose nanocrystals

Actuation voltage shifts due to dielectric charging is a leading reliability concern in Radio-Frequency Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (RF-MEMS) capacitive switches. The inability to correlate dielectric surface roughness to charge accumulation makes predictive design difficult. We apply a sophisticated dielectric charging model on representative surfaces based on Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) data, and show that there are significant, but predictable actuation voltage shifts due to surface roughness. The results suggest that surface roughness should be considered for accurate lifetime predictions, and simple metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors may serve as a useful test structure for this phenomenon.

/pdf/implications-of-rough-dielectric-surfaces-on-charging-2t4mj6ky27.pdf

Arvind Raman

Papers

Identification of multiple oscillation states of carbon nanotube tipped cantilevers interacting with surfaces in dynamic atomic force microscopy

Sources and implications of resonant mode splitting in silicon nanowire devices.

Benchmarking Undergraduate Manufacturing Engineering Curricula in the United States

Elastic deformation mechanics of cellulose nanocrystals

Implications of Rough Dielectric Surfaces on Charging-Adjusted Actuation of RF-MEMS