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Cognition In The Wild

Human performance on the flight deck, by Don Harris, Boca Raton, Ashgate Publishing Limited, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011, 363 pp., €95.99 (hardback), ISBN 978-1-4094-2338-3, ISBN 10 1409423387 Whi...

Human performance on the flight deck

Recent years, extreme events caused a great loss of human society. Emergency management is playing a more and more important role in handling disaster events. With the raising of data-intensive decision making, how to visualize large, multi-dimension data become an important challenge. Spatial temporal data visualization, a powerful tool, could transform data in to visual structure and make core information easily be captured by human. It could support spatial analysis, decision making and be used in all phase of emergency management. In this paper, we reviewed the general method of spatial temporal data visualization and the methods in data-intensive environment. Summarized the problems of each phase of emergency management and presented how spatial temporal visualization tools applied in each phase of emergency management. Finally, we conduct a short conclusion and outlook the future of spatial temporal visualization applied in data-driven emergency management environment.

Spatial Temporal Data Visualization In Emergency Management: A view from data-driven decision

Exponential increases in available computational resources over the recent decades have fueled an information explosion in almost every scientific field. This has led to a societal change shifting ...

/pdf/tailoring-visualization-applications-for-tasks-and-users-88pq9jmadd.pdf

Tailoring visualization applications for tasks and users

/pdf/an-overview-of-cloud-based-decision-support-applications-and-58x0p5i3qn.pdf

An Overview of Cloud-Based Decision Support Applications and a Reference Model

In air trafc control (ATC), teamwork is a key component among air trafc control operators (ATCOs) to safely direct the aircraft through the sky and on the ground. To be able to design for future AT ...

/pdf/design-implications-for-teamwork-in-atc-525ab2edns.pdf

Design implications for teamwork in ATC

We propose a visualization system for incident commanders (ICs) in urban searchandrescue scenarios that supports path planning in post-disaster structures. Utilizing point cloud data acquired from ...

/pdf/a-visualization-based-analysis-system-for-urban-search-1lc12wenpj.pdf

A Visualization‐Based Analysis System for Urban Search & Rescue Mission Planning Support

This dissertation explores the topic of human-automation teamwork in Air Traffic Control (ATC). ATC is a high stakes environment where complex automation is being introduced while the human operato ...

http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1414837/FULLTEXT01.pdf

Human-automation teamwork : Current practices and future directions in air traffic control

In various control systems, automation is implemented to increase efficiency and safety. With increased automation, it becomes increasingly relevant to view the automation as a team member, rather than as a tool. In best cases, human-automation teamwork keeps workload within acceptable limits, increase situation awareness, and keeps the operator in the control loop. However, human-automation teamwork will only flourish if the automation is developed with the human operator in mind. Therefore, investigations of the current experiences and expectations regarding automation and teamwork are important for the development of automation. Through a questionnaire among Air Traffic Controllers (ATCOs), the present study aims to investigate how ATCOs perceive automation and safety in current and future air traffic control systems and the importance of different teamwork factors for human-human and human-automation collaboration. The results indicate that the ATCOs believe that safety will increase in the future along with increasing automation as long as the automation is working as expected. The ATCOs expressed a fear of deskilling and losing situation awareness with automation, a fear associated with a new ATCO role of monitoring the system and take over when the automation fails. The results suggest that design for human-automation teamwork aspects that ATCOs value, such as adaptability or mutual performance monitoring, could be a way forward.

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3452853.3452855

Automation, teamwork, and the feared loss of safety: Air traffic controllers’ experiences and expectations on current and future ATM systems

Air transportation is undergoing a metamorphic transformation with digital towers (DTs) replacing physical air traffic control (ATC) towers by reproducing live camera feeds of out-of-tower (OOT) views using massive immersive spatial displays. With the recent pandemic-induced decline in air traffic, the quest to introduce cost-effective alternatives for DTs has gained importance. Recent developments in mixed reality (MR)-based visualizations allow air traffic systems to be better represented stereoscopically in an interactive virtual space. Moreover, MR offers customizable immersion, allowing air traffic control officers (ATCOs) to maintain their view of both environment and OOT view, as in a physical tower. Air traffic control, is, however, fundamentally a collaborative activity that requires clear and concise coordination between controllers and pilots to ensure an orderly flow of traffic. This paper presents a collaborative DT prototype system visualized in MR, that allows multiple controllers wearing MR headsets, such as Microsoft HoloLens 2, to view and interact with a shared visualization of the aerodrome, even if they are remotely located. We introduce collaborative routing capabilities to the system, whereby two controllers can collaboratively decide on taxiway routing for an arriving aircraft by interactively selecting and approving or rejecting routes in a shared MR space. We evaluate the prototype system through a preliminary assessment to investigate controllers' perceptions of situation awareness and workload while using the system. This paper presents initial results of our evaluation. Key findings include a faster Time-To-Decision and higher situation awareness when controllers collaborated by using the proposed system. The results demonstrate promising potential for MR-based collaboration for ATC operations, and for the proposed prototype to mature into a fully self-contained, interactive and portable air traffic control system.

Åsa Svensson

Papers

Design implications for teamwork in ATC

A Visualization‐Based Analysis System for Urban Search & Rescue Mission Planning Support

Human-automation teamwork : Current practices and future directions in air traffic control

Automation, teamwork, and the feared loss of safety: Air traffic controllers’ experiences and expectations on current and future ATM systems

A Shared Interactive Space in Mixed Reality for Collaborative Digital Tower Operations