The current study addresses the flow of steady electrically conducting hybrid nanofluid (HNF) across an impermeable slender stretchable sheet. The flow distribution takes into consideration the effects of variable magnetic fields, heat production, Hall current and chemical reactions. A computational model is established for the purpose to amplify the energy communication rate and enhance the productivity and performance of thermal energy propagation for several industrial and biological purposes. The hybrid nanofluid is comprised of silver and magnesium oxide nanomaterials in the working fluid water. Among transition metals and alloys, magnesium oxide and silver nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively documented to have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Silver NPs are the most extensively employed inorganic NP, having several applications in biomaterial detection and antibacterial actions. The scenario has been expressed as a system of PDEs. Which are simplified to the system of ODEs through similarity replacements. The computing approach PCM is used to subsequently evaluate the acquired 1st order differential equations. The outcomes are checked with the bvp4c package and existing literature for consistency and validity. It has been noticed that the axial velocity profile enhances with the effect of Hall current m and velocity power index constraint n, while reducing with the variation of nanoparticles volume friction ϕ1,ϕ2 and slender sheet wall thickness parameter δ. 

Computational assessment of hybrid nanofluid flow with the influence of hall current and chemical reaction over a slender stretching surface

Abstract Ethylene glycol is commonly used as a cooling agent in the engine, therefore the study associated with EG has great importance in engineering and mechanical fields. The hybrid nanofluid has been synthesized by adding copper and graphene nanoparticles into the Ethylene glycol, which obeys the power-law rheological model and exhibits shear rate-dependent viscosity. As a result of these features, the power-law model is utilized in conjunction with thermophysical characteristics and basic rules of heat transport in the fluid to simulate the physical situations under consideration. The Darcy Forchhemier hybrid nanofluid flow has been studied under the influence of heat source and magnetic field over a two-dimensionally stretchable moving permeable surface. The phenomena are characterized as a nonlinear system of PDEs. Using resemblance replacement, the modeled equations are simplified to a nondimensional set of ODEs. The Parametric Continuation Method has been used to simulate the resulting sets of nonlinear differential equations. Figures and tables depict the effects of physical constraints on energy, velocity and concentration profiles. It has been noted that the dispersion of copper and graphene nanoparticulate to the base fluid ethylene glycol significantly improves velocity and heat conduction rate over a stretching surface. 

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Non-Fourier energy transmission in power-law hybrid nanofluid flow over a moving sheet

Despite the recycling challenges in ionic fluids, they have a significant advantage over traditional solvents. Ionic liquids make it easier to separate the end product and recycle old catalysts, particularly when the reaction media is a two-phase system. In the current analysis, the properties of transient, electroviscous, ternary hybrid nanofluid flow through squeezing parallel infinite plates is reported. The ternary hybrid nanofluid is synthesized by dissolving the titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles in the carrier fluid glycol/water. The purpose of the current study is to maximize the energy and mass transfer rate for industrial and engineering applications. The phenomena of fluid flow is studied, with the additional effects of the magnetic field, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction, and activation energy. The ternary hybrid nanofluid flow is modeled in the form of a system of partial differential equations, which are subsequently simplified to a set of ordinary differential equations through resemblance substitution. The obtained nonlinear set of dimensionless ordinary differential equations is further solved, via the parametric continuation method. For validity purposes, the outcomes are statistically compared to an existing study. The results are physically illustrated through figures and tables. It is noticed that the mass transfer rate accelerates with the rising values of Lewis number, activation energy, and chemical reaction. The velocity and energy transfer rate boost the addition of ternary NPs to the base fluid.

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Numerical Analysis of an Unsteady, Electroviscous, Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Chemical Reaction and Activation Energy across Parallel Plates

A Casson fluid is the most suitable rheological model for blood and other non-Newtonian fluids. Casson fluids hold yield-stress and have great significance in biomechanics and polymer industries. In this analysis, a numerical simulation of non-coaxial rotation of a Casson fluid over a circular disc was estimated. The influence of thermal radiation, second-order chemical reactions, buoyancy, and heat source on a Casson fluid above a rotating frame was studied. The time evolution of secondary and primary velocities, solute particles, and energy contours were also examined. A magnetic flux of varying intensity was applied to the fluid flow. A nonlinear sequence of partial differential equations was used to describe the phenomenon. The modeled equations were reduced to a non-dimensional set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity replacement. The obtained sets of ODEs were further simulated using the parametric continuation method (PCM). The impact of physical constraints on energy, concentration, and velocity profiles are presented through figures and tables. It should be noted that the effect of the Casson fluid coefficient, the Grashof number, and the magnetic field reduces the fluid’s primary velocity contour. The mass transfer field decreases with the action of constructive chemical reactions, but is augmented by the effects of destructive chemical reactions. The accelerating trend in Schmidt number lowers the mass profile, while it is enhanced by increasing values of activation energy and Soret number.

Mathematical analysis of casson fluid flow with energy and mass transfer under the influence of activation energy from a non-coaxially spinning disc

This study addresses the consequences of thermal radiation with slip boundary conditions and a uniform magnetic field on a steady 2D flow of trihybrid nanofluids over a spinning disc. The trihybrid nanocomposites are synthesized by the dispersion of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in water. The phenomena are characterized as a nonlinear system of PDEs. Using resemblance replacement, the modeled equations are simplified to a nondimensional set of ODEs. The parametric continuation method has been used to simulate the resulting sets of nonlinear differential equations. Figures and tables depict the effects of physical constraints on energy and velocity profiles. According to this study, the slip coefficient enormously decreases the velocity field. For larger approximations of thermal radiation characteristics and heat source term boosts the thermal profile. This proposed model will assist in the field of meteorology, atmospheric studies, biological technology, power generation, automotive manufacturing, renewable power conversions, and detecting microchips. In regard to such kinds of practical applications, the proposed study is being conducted. This study is unique due to slip conditions and ternary fluid, and it could be used by other scholars to acquire further information about nanofluid thermal exchanger performance and stability.

Numerical simulation of ternary nanofluid flow with multiple slip and thermal jump conditions

The nanofluid flow under the consequences of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and nonlinear radiation has been numerically studied over a heated rotating disc. Arrhenius activation energy is used to describe the various aspects of heat and mass transition. The problem has been modeled in the form of a system of PDEs consist of the Maxwell and Navier Stokes equations. The system of modeled equations has been reduced to the ordinary system of dimensionless differential equations using a similarity framework. For the problem's quantitative approximation, the results have been obtained through numerical technique boundary value solver (bvp4c). The physical quantities that derive from the modeled equations are displayed and addressed. It has been perceived that the Prandtl number and radiation effect improves the heat transmission rate while improving the magnetic parameter reduces the velocity field. Furthermore, the entropy rate and Bejan number increases with the rising effect of chemical reaction, temperature differential variable, concentration ratio variable and Schmidt number. 

Numerical simulation of Marangoni Maxwell nanofluid flow with Arrhenius activation energy and entropy anatomization over a rotating disk

Studies associated with ethylene glycol (EG) have great significance in various engineering sectors because EG is more useful as a cooling agent in various engines. Furthermore, fluid inspection using two distinct nanoparticles has applications in mechanical systems, electronic devices, medical apparatus, and the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Therefore, present comminution explored the entropy production in magnetized hybrid nanomaterials flowing via Darcy–Forchheimer space with varying permeability. Hybrid nano liquid is synthesized by adding cobalt ferrite and gold nanoparticles to ethylene glycol and water. Effects of thermal radiation, Joule heating, heat sources, and an exponential heat source are considered in the energy expression. The assumed problem is modeled in the form of nonlinear PDEs. Such types of problems have mostly occurred in symmetrical phenomena and are applicable in engineering, physics, and applied mathematics. The obtained system is converted to ODEs using suitable substitution transformations. Resultant ODEs are numerically computed with the help of the NDSolve technique using Mathematica software. Their outcomes are displayed through figures and tables. Obtained results reveal that variable permeability and curvature parameters improve the velocity profile, while an exponential heat source (EHS) enhances the thermal effect. It is also observed that entropy optimization improves with the increment in magnetic parameter.

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Numerical Simulation of Entropy Optimization in Radiative Hybrid Nanofluid Flow in a Variable Features Darcy-Forchheimer Curved Surface

The Jeffrey fluid model is capable of accurately characterizing the stress relaxation behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, which a normal viscous fluid model is unable to perform. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive investigation into the effects of MHD and thermal radiation on the 3D Jeffery fluid flow over a permeable irregular stretching surface. The consequences of the Darcy effect, variable thickness and chemical reaction are also considered. The phenomena have been modeled as a nonlinear system of PDEs. Using similarity substitution, the modeled equations are reduced to a dimensionless system of ODEs. The parametric continuation method (PCM) is used to determine the numerical solution to the obtained sets of nonlinear differential equations. The impact of physical parameters on temperature, velocity and mass profiles are presented through Figures and Tables. It has been noticed that the energy profile magnifies with the increment of porosity term, thermal radiation and heat source term, while diminishing with the flourishing upshot of power index and Deborah number. Furthermore, the porosity term and wall thickness parameter enhance the skin friction. 

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Numerical simulation of 3D Darcy–Forchheimer fluid flow with the energy and mass transfer over an irregular permeable surface

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The current study revealed a comprehensive assessment of three‐dimensional Jeffery fluid flow under the significances of thermal radiation and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) across a stretching irregular permeable sheet. The flow phenomena have been studied with an additional effect of Darcy media, Arrhenius activation energy, slip conditions, heat source, and chemical reaction. The modeled have been expressed in the form of system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), which are degraded and dimensionalized by the similarity replacement to the set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Matlab package bvp4c (boundary value solver) is employed to estimate the numerical solution of the problems. The influence of several physical factor on velocity, mass, and energy outlines is revealed through tables and figures. It is perceived that the Jeffery fluid motion drops with the growing values of porosity term, while amplified with the rising influence of wall thickness factor. The rising values of Darcy–Forchheimer and magnetic field factor diminish the velocity curve in both x and y directions. Furthermore, the temperature curve intensifies with the addition of porosity factor and Deborah number while lessening with the rising influence of power index.

Asif Ullah Hayat

Papers

Numerical simulation of Marangoni Maxwell nanofluid flow with Arrhenius activation energy and entropy anatomization over a rotating disk

Numerical Simulation of Entropy Optimization in Radiative Hybrid Nanofluid Flow in a Variable Features Darcy-Forchheimer Curved Surface

Numerical simulation of 3D Darcy–Forchheimer fluid flow with the energy and mass transfer over an irregular permeable surface

Numerical simulation of 3D Darcy–Forchheimer fluid flow with the energy and mass transfer over an irregular permeable surface

Numerical calculation of thermally radiative fluid flow with the energy and mass transmission across a stretching wavy surface