The R package mice imputes incomplete multivariate data by chained equations. The software mice 1.0 appeared in the year 2000 as an S-PLUS library, and in 2001 as an R package. mice 1.0 introduced predictor selection, passive imputation and automatic pooling. This article documents mice, which extends the functionality of mice 1.0 in several ways. In mice, the analysis of imputed data is made completely general, whereas the range of models under which pooling works is substantially extended. mice adds new functionality for imputing multilevel data, automatic predictor selection, data handling, post-processing imputed values, specialized pooling routines, model selection tools, and diagnostic graphs. Imputation of categorical data is improved in order to bypass problems caused by perfect prediction. Special attention is paid to transformations, sum scores, indices and interactions using passive imputation, and to the proper setup of the predictor matrix. mice can be downloaded from the Comprehensive R Archive Network. This article provides a hands-on, stepwise approach to solve applied incomplete data problems.

/pdf/mice-multivariate-imputation-by-chained-equations-in-r-2cffzza5jj.pdf

mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(12)61729-2.pdf

Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury is a critical illness syndrome consisting of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates that are not attributed to left atrial hypertension. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the mechanism and treatment of acute lung injury, its incidence and outcomes in the United States have been unclear. METHODS We conducted a prospective, population-based, cohort study in 21 hospitals in and around King County, Washington, from April 1999 through July 2000, using a validated screening protocol to identify patients who met the consensus criteria for acute lung injury. RESULTS A total of 1113 King County residents undergoing mechanical ventilation met the criteria for acute lung injury and were 15 years of age or older. On the basis of this figure, the crude incidence of acute lung injury was 78.9 per 100,000 person-years and the age-adjusted incidence was 86.2 per 100,000 person-years. The in-hospital mortality rate was 38.5 percent. The incidence of acute lung injury increased with age from 16 per 100,000 person-years for those 15 through 19 years of age to 306 per 100,000 person-years for those 75 through 84 years of age. Mortality increased with age from 24 percent for patients 15 through 19 years of age to 60 percent for patients 85 years of age or older (P<0.001). We estimate that each year in the United States there are 190,600 cases of acute lung injury, which are associated with 74,500 deaths and 3.6 million hospital days. CONCLUSIONS Acute lung injury has a substantial impact on public health, with an incidence in the United States that is considerably higher than previous reports have suggested.

https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMoa050333

Incidence and Outcomes of Acute Lung Injury

25. Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. By D. B. Rubin. ISBN 0 471 08705 X. Wiley, Chichester, 1987. 258 pp. £30.25.

Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys

Executive Summary Introduction Methodology Used to Prepare the Guideline Epidemiology Incidence Etiology Major Epidemiologic Points Pathogenesis Major Points for Pathogenesis Modifiable Risk Factors Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation Aspiration, Body Position, and Enteral Feeding Modulation of Colonization: Oral Antiseptics and Antibiotics Stress Bleeding Prophylaxis, Transfusion, and Glucose Control Major Points and Recommendations for Modifiable Risk Factors Diagnostic Testing Major Points and Recommendations for Diagnosis Diagnostic Strategies and Approaches Clinical Strategy Bacteriologic Strategy Recommended Diagnostic Strategy Major Points and Recommendations for Comparing Diagnostic Strategies Antibiotic Treatment of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia General Approach Initial Empiric Antibiotic Therapy Appropriate Antibiotic Selection and Adequate Dosing Local Instillation and Aerosolized Antibiotics Combination versus Monotherapy Duration of Therapy Major Points and Recommendations for Optimal Antibiotic Therapy Specific Antibiotic Regimens Antibiotic Heterogeneity and Antibiotic Cycling Response to Therapy Modification of Empiric Antibiotic Regimens Defining the Normal Pattern of Resolution Reasons for Deterioration or Nonresolution Evaluation of the Nonresponding Patient Major Points and Recommendations for Assessing Response to Therapy Suggested Performance Indicators

Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia the official statement of the American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Disease Society of America (特集 救急診療ガイドライン) -- (海外のガイドライン)

Blindness caused by ischemic optic neuropathy in the hospital setting occurs perioperatively and in critically ill patients, but its etiology remains ill defined. We describe four critically ill patients who developed blindness within 1 mo of one another. Three cases occurred outside of the operative arena. Potential risk factors for the development of ischemic optic neuropathy, such as use of vasopressors, venous congestion, and hypotension, are described.

Blindness in the intensive care unit: possible role for vasopressors?

A method of reducing or inhibiting inflammation and inducing or promoting anti-pyresis comprises administering to a mammal in need of such treatment, an amount of a glutathione depleting agent effective to reduce or inhibit neutrophil sequestration at the inflammation site. The agent may be administered as a pharmaceutical composition including a carrier. Examples of the agent itself are diethylmaleate (DEM), phorone, buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO), glutathione depleting diethylmaleate (DEM) mimetics, glutathione depleting phorone mimetics and glutathione depleting buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) mimetics.

Anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic method

https://www.surgical.theclinics.com/article/S0039-6109(05)00147-7/pdf

Thrombosis and coagulation: deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism prophylaxis.

Management of severe sepsis in the surgical patient

Background:Trauma surgeons must balance the risk and benefits of diagnostic radiographic procedures on potentially pregnant patients and should know the range and likelihood of effects that radiation might have on pregnancy.Methods:We present guidelines for assessing such radiation risks. Knowledge

Avery B. Nathens

Papers

Blindness in the intensive care unit: possible role for vasopressors?

Anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic method

Thrombosis and coagulation: deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism prophylaxis.

Management of severe sepsis in the surgical patient

Communicating with the family: the risks of medical radiation to conceptuses in victims of major blunt-force torso trauma.