The Belle experiment, running at the KEKB e+e- asymmetric energy collider during the first decade of the century, achieved its original objective of measuring precisely differences between particles and anti-particles in the B system. After collecting 1000 fb-1 of data at various Upsilon resonances, Belle also obtained the many other physics results described in this article.

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Physics achievements from the Belle experiment

Physics Achievements from the Belle Experiment

The super-KEKB B factory, currently under construction at the KEK High Energy Accelerator Research Organization in Japan, has a goal of producing 50 ab-1 of integrated luminosity, thus allowing the Belle II experiment to study rare decays of B mesons, D mesons, and τ leptons. Such large statistics on these decays provide an experimental probe of physics beyond the Standard Model. An online trigger system is indispensable to Belle II to reduce the number of beam background events associated with high electron and positron beam currents, as well as to enhance physics-oriented events. For this purpose, we have designed the Belle II online trigger system with two kinds of primary Level 1 trigger components: a track trigger and an energy trigger. The track trigger is composed of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional tracking algorithms, and the energy trigger implements algorithms based on total energy, isolated clusters, and identification of Bhabha events. In addition, precise event trigger timing and muon tagging information are provided by the time-of-propagation detector and iron flux return muon detector, respectively.

Level 1 Trigger System for the Belle II Experiment

We report a measurement of the differential cross section of pi(0) pair production in single-tag two-photon collisions, gamma*gamma -> pi(0) pi(0), in e(+) e(-) scattering. The cross section is measured for Q(2) up to 30 GeV2, where Q(2) is the negative of the invariant mass squared of the tagged photon, in the kinematic range 0.5 GeV < W < 2.1 GeV and vertical bar cos theta*vertical bar < 1.0 for the total energy and pion scattering angle, respectively, in the gamma*gamma center-of-mass system. The results are based on a data sample of 759 fb(-1) collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+) e(-) collider. The transition form factor of the f(0)(980) and that of the f(2)(1270) with the helicity-0, -1, and -2 components separately are measured for the first time and are compared with theoretical calculations.

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Study of $\pi^0$ pair production in single-tag two-photon collisions

Measurement of γγ > pp production at belle

The performance of CsI(Tl) electromagnetic calorimeter trigger system in the Belle experiment is described. Two kinds of trigger schemes have been taken into account, namely a total energy trigger and a cluster counting trigger which are complementary to each other. In addition, the system has provided the online/offline luminosity information using the Bhabha event trigger scheme. An upgrade of the trigger is discussed.

Electromagnetic calorimeter trigger at Belle

We have developed a fast programmable trigger processor board based on a field programmable gate array and a complex programmable logic device for use in the BELLE experiment. The trigger board accommodates 144 ECL input signals, 2 NIM input signals, 24 ECL output signals, and the VME bus specification. An asynchronous trigger logic for counting isolated clusters is used. We have obtained a trigger latency of 50 ns with full access to input and output signals via a VME interface. The trigger logic can be modified at any time depending on the experimental conditions.

A fast programmable trigger for isolated cluster counting in the BELLE experiment

We have developed a fast programmable trigger processor board based on a field programmable gate array and a complex programmable logic device for use in the BELLE experiment. The trigger board accommodates 144 ECL input signals, 2 NIM input signals, 24 ECL output signals, and the VME bus specification. An asynchronous trigger logic for counting isolated clusters is used. We have obtained trigger latency of 50 ns with a full access to input and output signals via a VME interface. The trigger logic can be modified at any time depending on the experimental conditions.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/9911050.pdf

B. G. Cheon

Papers

Electromagnetic calorimeter trigger at Belle

A fast programmable trigger for isolated cluster counting in the BELLE experiment

A fast programmable trigger for isolated cluster counting in the BELLE experiment