There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

There has been increasing interest in the research on flavonoids from plant sources because of their versatile health benefits reported in various epidemiological studies. Since flavonoids are directly associated with human dietary ingredients and health, there is need to evaluate structure and function relationship. The bioavailability, metabolism, and biological activity of flavonoids depend upon the configuration, total number of hydroxyl groups, and substitution of functional groups about their nuclear structure. Fruits and vegetables are the main dietary sources of flavonoids for humans, along with tea and wine. Most recent researches have focused on the health aspects of flavonoids for humans. Many flavonoids are shown to have antioxidative activity, free radical scavenging capacity, coronary heart disease prevention, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, while some flavonoids exhibit potential antiviral activities. In plant systems, flavonoids help in combating oxidative stress and act as growth regulators. For pharmaceutical purposes cost-effective bulk production of different types of flavonoids has been made possible with the help of microbial biotechnology. This review highlights the structural features of flavonoids, their beneficial roles in human health, and significance in plants as well as their microbial production.

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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Flavonoids: An Overview

The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics A Textbook of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics for Physicians and Medical Students. By Prof. Louis Goodman and Prof. Alfred Gilman. Pp. xiii + 1383. (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1941.) 50s. net.

The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics

http://academic.oup.com/milmed/article-pdf/146/7/506/24126715/milmed-146-7-506.pdf

Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics

We apply the new Atangana–Baleanu derivative in Caputo sense to study gas dynamics equations of arbitrary order using modified homotopy analysis transform method (MHATM). Atangana and Baleanu suggested an interesting fractional operator in 2016 which is based on the exponential kernel. An alternative framework of MHATM with Atangana–Baleanu derivative is presented and the modified Gas dynamics equations are solved numerically and analytically using aforesaid the method. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the presented technique with new Atangana–Baleanu derivative.

Atangana–Baleanu Derivative with Fractional Order Applied to the Gas Dynamics Equations

The indiscriminate use of carbofuran to improve crop productivity causes adverse effects in non-targets including mammals. This study aims to evaluate carbofuran induced oxidative stress in the brain stem of rat and its attenuation by curcumin, a natural antioxidant. Out of 6 groups of rats, two received two different doses of carbofuran: 15 and 30 % of LD50, respectively, for 30 days. Other two groups receiving same doses of carbofuran were pretreated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight). The levels of antioxidants MDA, GSH, SOD, catalase and GST were determined in the rat brain stem. The remaining groups served as placebo and curcumin treated, respectively. The data suggested that carbofuran at different doses caused significant alterations in the levels of MDA and GSH in dose dependent manner. The MDA and GSH contents were elevated. The activities of SOD, catalase and GST were significantly inhibited at both doses of carbofuran. The ratio of P/A was also found to be sharply increased. The prior treatment of curcumin exhibited significant protection from carbofuran induced toxicity. The results suggested that carbofuran at sub-lethal doses was able to induce oxidative stress in the brain stem of rat which should be attenuated by curcumin.

Curcumin Mediated Attenuation of Carbofuran Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain

Carbofuran is used to improve the agricultural productivity as well as to protect the house hold and industrial products, but due to accumulation in the biological system, it causes serious side effects in many non-targets mammalian systems. The aim of present study is to evaluate the carbofuran induced oxidative stress in rat heart and its attenuation by using herbal product curcumin. Rats were divided into four groups; one group received 20 % LD50 of carbofuran another group of rats received same doses of carbofuran was  pretreated with curcumin (100 mg kg-1 body weight) and remaining two other groups served as control and curcumin treated animals. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the heart tissues and serum was evaluated and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was estimated in the heart tissues. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in heart tissues was also measured. The Total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) was measured in the serum of the entire animals group. The results of present study showed that the activity of LDH in heart tissues were decreased and in serum was elevated. The MDA level was significantly elevated due to exposure of carbofuran. The enzymatic antioxidants, SOD and CAT activities were also inhibited. The ratio of pro-oxidant (P)/antioxidant (A) was also found to be sharply increased in the rat heart tissues of carbofuran exposed animals. The alterations in all the parameter were recovered by the pretreatment of curcumin (100 mg kg-1 body weight).

Curcumin mediated attenuation of carbofuran induced toxicity in the heart of Wistar rats

The DNA is reported to be consistently damaged by both endogenous processes and external insults thereby posing a serious threat to the cell survival. Exposure of DNA from living systems to different biotoxins is believed to lead DNA damage and a variety of genetic disorders. However, only meager information is available in this context. Keeping in view the knowledge gap, we have endeavored to present an updated account on this subject with special reference to the amelioration by herbal products.

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Biotoxins Mediated DNA Damage and Role of Phytochemicals in DNA Protection

Proteomic analysis was employed to map the seed storage protein network in landrace and cultivated chickpea accessions. Protein extracts were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) across a broad range 3.0–10.0 immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips. Comparative elucidation of differentially expressed proteins between two diverse geographically originated chickpea accessions was carried out using 2D-GE coupled with mass spectrometry. A total of 600 protein spots were detected in these accessions. In-gel protein expression patterns revealed three protein spots as upregulated and three other as downregulated. Using trypsin in-gel digestion, these differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) which showed 45% amino acid homology of chickpea seed storage proteins with Arabidopsis thaliana.

/pdf/characterization-of-seed-storage-proteins-from-chickpea-3czy4azw9x.pdf

Bechan Sharma

Papers

Atangana–Baleanu Derivative with Fractional Order Applied to the Gas Dynamics Equations

Curcumin Mediated Attenuation of Carbofuran Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Brain

Curcumin mediated attenuation of carbofuran induced toxicity in the heart of Wistar rats

Biotoxins Mediated DNA Damage and Role of Phytochemicals in DNA Protection

Characterization of Seed Storage Proteins from Chickpea Using 2D Electrophoresis Coupled with Mass Spectrometry