International Entrepreneurship research (1989–2009): A domain ontology and thematic analysis

Individual entrepreneurial intent is a key construct in research on new business formation. However, neither a clear or consistent definition of nor a uniform and reliable way to measure individual entrepreneurial intent has yet emerged. Several management scholars have highlighted the impediment this constitutes to the advancement of entrepreneurship research. This paper first seeks to clarify the construct of individual entrepreneurial intent and then reports the development and validation of a reliable and internationally applicable individual entrepreneurial intent scale.

Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to offer a new gender‐aware framework to provide a springboard for furthering a holistic understanding of women's entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds on an existing framework articulating the “3Ms” (markets, money and management) required for entrepreneurs to launch and grow ventures. Drawing on institutional theory, it is argued that this “3M” framework needs further development and “motherhood” and “meso/macro environment” are added to extend and mediate the “3Ms” and construct a “5M” framework to enable the study of women's entrepreneurship in its own right.Findings – It was found that “Motherhood” is a metaphor representing the household and family context of female entrepreneurs, which might have a larger impact on women than men. The meso/macro environment captures considerations beyond the market, such as expectations of society and cultural norms (macro), and intermediate structures and institutions (meso).Practical implications – ...

A gender‐aware framework for women's entrepreneurship

Most would agree that the dramatic growth and participation of women in entrepreneurship and the expanding body of research creates a need for both generic and specific theoretical perspectives and research approaches to better understand this phenomenon. To address this need, we consider issues relevant to advancing a framework for women’s entrepreneurship research. However, it is not our intention to establish some reduced parameters for the study of women’s entrepreneurship; rather, we concur with Gartner that “. . . entrepreneurship research espouses a diverse range of theories applied to various kinds of phenomena. . . . There is no elephant in entrepreneurship. The various topics in the entrepreneurship field do not constitute a congruous whole” (Gartner, 2001, p. 34). As such, we take into consideration the need to bridge the practice of entrepreneurship with this body of theory as it applies to the large and growing population of women entrepreneurs, and for policy makers to be aware of research results that have implications for fostering women’s entrepreneurship. This second volume of the special issue on women’s entrepreneurship marks the end of our guest editorial responsibilities for Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. However, we are not able to easily let go of our thinking, and consistent with the theme, we wish to consider the dialogue. And so, before introducing the articles for this volume on women’s entrepreneurship, it made sense for us to analyze current and future themes in women’s entrepreneurship, then to outline some methodological concerns we observed in our discussions during the review process for this two-volume special issue on women’s entrepreneurship. This analysis has led us to consider whether we need a separate theory on women’s entrepreneurship. This expanded introduction offers an overview of elements for a proposed framework that we hope will inspire more dialogue and research on women’s entrepreneurship.

Advancing a Framework for Coherent Research on Women's Entrepreneurship:

Comparative International Entrepreneurship A Review and Research Agenda

Building on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor research, this study examines the impact of specific norms supporting women's entrepreneurship on the relative rates of women to men engaged in entrepreneurship in different countries. These specific norms are themselves related to both a country's general support for entrepreneurship and its level of gender equality. Countries with higher overall levels of entrepreneurial activity also tended to evidence higher relative proportions of female participation. These findings are still seen when controlling for the substantial effect of countries’ economic development in shaping patterns of entrepreneurial activity.

The Normative Context for Women's Participation in Entrepreneruship: A Multicountry Study

The existing literature identifies a number of antecedent factors that positively influence the propensity of individuals to become entrepreneurs. Key among these are self-efficacy, prior knowledge of other entrepreneurs and perception of opportunities. At the same time, policy makers commonly identify fear of failure as a major deterrent factor for entrepreneurs taking the entrepreneurial plunge.

This paper examines the relative impacts of these antecedents and deterrent factor on entrepreneurial propensity, defined as the likelihood of starting one’s own business in the three East Asian newly-industrialised economies (NIEs) of Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. We also test for possible differences in the variables effects on opportunity vs. necessity entrepreneurial propensities. Our findings highlight significant location differences among the variables in the case of overall, opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. Finally, we discuss the relevant policy implications from our findings.

https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2615/1/MPRA_paper_2615.pdf

Antecedents for Entrepreneurial Propensity: Findings from Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan

The existing literature identifies a number of antecedent factors that positively influence the propensity of individuals to become entrepreneurs. Key among these are self-efficacy, prior knowledge of other entrepreneurs and perception of opportunities. At the same time, policy makers commonly identify fear of failure as a major deterrent factor for entrepreneurs taking the entrepreneurial plunge. This paper examines the relative impacts of these antecedents and deterrent factor on entrepreneurial propensity, defined as the likelihood of starting one's own business in the three East Asian newly-industrialised economies (NIEs) of Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. We also test for possible differences in the variables effects on opportunity vs. necessity entrepreneurial propensities. Our findings highlight significant location differences among the variables in the case of overall, opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship. Finally, we discuss the relevant policy implications from our findings.

Antecedents for Entrepreneurial Propensity and Intention: Findings from Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong

The COVID-19 pandemic had accelerated Blended Learning in many institutions worldwide, catapulting it into a now permanent spot in the school curriculum in many higher learning institutions. However, given the infinite permutations in blended learning, it is not surprising that it has led to contradictory student outcomes and learning experiences. Research has suggested the combination of Problem-based learning and blended learning can lead to constructivist learning environments that promote 21st century skills such as innovative uses of technology, problem-solving and collaborative skills. However, there is little to guide educators in the design of blended PBL. One design consideration is the choice of delivery modes. In this presentation, the literature is explored for the essential instructional components in PBL, and the modes of delivery that best support them. This could be offered as a starting point to support lesson designers approaching blended PBL.

/pdf/considering-modes-of-delivery-in-blended-pbl-a-literature-1ze6tkfc.pdf

Bee Leng Chua

Papers

The Normative Context for Women's Participation in Entrepreneruship: A Multicountry Study

Antecedents for Entrepreneurial Propensity: Findings from Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan

Antecedents for Entrepreneurial Propensity and Intention: Findings from Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong

Considering modes of delivery in blended PBL: a literature-based approach