El artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar el nivel de desarrollo de la capacidad de absorción realizada (RACAP) en las Pyme colombianas. Se parte de una muestra de 363 Pyme colombianas (Dane,2012), se usa una revisión de literatura con apoyo del análisis de contenido y un modelo de regresión lineal, que permiten mostrar la existencia de una correlación lineal positiva entre la adquisición y asimilación del conocimiento externo en las organizaciones objeto de estudio,. Palabras clave: Capacidades de absorción, capacidades de absorción potencial, medición de las capacidades de absorción ABSTRACT:

Measurement of potential absorption capacity in Colombia's innovative companies [Medición de la capacidad de absorción potencial en las empresas innovadoras de Colombia]

Population and economic growth

This paper presents an overview of various models of regional growth that have appeared in the literature in the last 40 years. It considers the past, and therefore supply-side models, such as the standard neoclassical, juxtaposed against essentially demand-side approaches such as the export-base and cumulative causation models (as integrated into the Kaldorian approach); before moving on to the ‘present’ and more recent versions of the neoclassical model involving spatial weights and ‘convergence clubs’, as well as new economic geography core–periphery models, and the ‘innovation systems’ approach. A key feature of the more recent literature is an attempt to explicitly include spatial factors into the model, and thus there is a renewed emphasis on agglomeration economies and spillovers. Discussing ‘present’ and ‘future’ approaches to regional growth overlaps with the current emphasis in the literature on the importance of more intangible factors such as the role of ‘knowledge’ and its influence on growth. Finally, there is a discussion of the greater emphasis that needs to be placed at the ‘micro-level’ when considering what drives growth, and thus factors such as inter alia firm heterogeneity, entrepreneurship and absorptive capacity.

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Models of regional growth: past, present and future

Industrial CO2 intensity, indigenous innovation and R&D spillovers in China’s provinces

Knowledge flows and the absorptive capacity of regions

Innovation and R&D spillover effects in Spanish regions: A spatial approach

The aim of this paper is to analyse the determinants of survival in entrepreneurship in Spain. For this purpose, a Cox proportional hazard model is estimated, using information from the Continuous Working Life Sample. The results show that opportunity entrepreneurs have a higher probability of continuing their entrepreneurial activity than entrepreneurs motivated by other reasons. Moreover, women show a higher survival rate than men. In addition, a high educational level positively influences survival, whilst previous work experience increases the risk of not surviving. Finally, age, with a nonlinear influence, increases probability of survival but at a decreasing rate. The implications of these results are that it should not be encouraged entrepreneurship indiscriminately, and authorities should promote entrepreneurial training and help entrepreneurship of people under 30 and over 45–50 years.

Survival of entrepreneurship in Spain

The aim of this paper is to analyse the determinants of survival in entrepreneurship in Spain. For this purpose, a binary choice model is specified and estimated, using information from the Continuous Working Life Sample drawn from the Spanish social security records. This database provides information on the work experience of entrepreneurs, which is used to differentiate between necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs. Thus, we analyse whether necessity entrepreneurs differ from opportunity entrepreneurs in terms of survival. Moreover, through the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for nonlinear models, proposed by Yun (2004), the key factors affecting necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs are analysed. This methodology allows us to measure the difference in probability between both groups and to look further into the causes of this difference, through the unobservable component and the characteristics component. Observable factors indicate that there is a positive difference in survival probability in favour of opportunity entrepreneurs. Unobservable factors are not significant.

Necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs: survival factors

Subnational regional jurisdictions rarely have at their disposal a reasonable array of timely statistics to monitor their economic condition. In light of this, we develop a procedure that simultaneously estimates a quarterly time series for all regions of a country based upon quarterly national and annual regional data. While other such techniques exist, we suggest a temporal error structure that eliminates possible spurious jumps. Using our approach, regional analysts should now be able to distribute national growth among regions as soon as quarterly national figures are released. In a Spanish application, we detail some practicalities of the process and show that our proposal produces better estimates than the uniregional methods often used.  Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.

On estimating contemporaneous quarterly regional GDP

Purpose




The purpose of this paper is to analyse if the divergences in the economic growth of the Spanish regions are a result of sectoral differences, company size or technological level of the new firms that emerge in the market.




Design/methodology/approach




For this purpose, a model is specified and estimated in which the total factor productivity of Spanish regions is explained by business dynamics, innovation, human capital and the level of entrepreneurship in each region.




Findings




The results obtained lead the authors to conclude that entrepreneurship understood as both the creation of new firms and entrepreneurial activity, have a positive effect on productive efficiency and can explain the differences in the economic growth of the regions. In addition, the stock of human capital and the promotion of innovation act as catalysts for the productive efficiency of the regions. However, the results show that it is not enough to generate new firms to boost economic growth; these businesses must also be oriented towards sectors that promote technological innovation and with the objective to reach an adequate size.




Originality/value




Empirical studies use either the creation of new firms or the index of entrepreneurial activity as alternative measures of entrepreneurship. In this research, however, both variables are considered together. Specifically, the creation of new companies is used as a measure of regional business dynamics, and the entrepreneurial activity index, provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, as a measure of regional entrepreneurship. The main novelty of this paper’s approach is that it considers different types of entrepreneurial capital in considering productive sector, size and technological level of the new companies.

Bernardí Cabrer-Borrás

Papers

Innovation and R&D spillover effects in Spanish regions: A spatial approach

Survival of entrepreneurship in Spain

Necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs: survival factors

On estimating contemporaneous quarterly regional GDP

Entrepreneurship, firms creation and regional performance