Showing papers by "Beverley Raphael published in 1996"
TL;DR: In a non-clinical community sample of bereaved people, delayed or absent grief is infrequently seen, unlike chronic grief, which is demonstrated in a minority.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Literature and clinical experience suggest that some people experience atypical, complicated or pathological bereavement reactions in response to a major loss. METHOD: Three groups of community-based bereaved subjects--spouses (n = 44), adult children (n = 40), and parents (n = 36)--were followed up four times in the 13 months after a loss. A 17-item scale of core bereavement times was developed and used to investigate the intensity of the bereavement response over time. RESULTS: Cluster analysis revealed a pattern of bereavement-related symptoms approximating a syndrome of chronic grief in 11 (9.2%) of the 120 subjects. None of the respondents displayed a pattern consistent with delayed or absent grief. CONCLUSIONS: In a non-clinical community sample of bereaved people, delayed or absent grief is infrequently seen, unlike chronic grief, which is demonstrated in a minority.
146 citations
TL;DR: The prevalence and risk factors indicate the need for training of physicians and nurses in the ED about domestic violence and for provision of appropriate backup referral services such as after-hours social work services.
102 citations
TL;DR: At three months following bereavement, AIDS and cancer bereaved were similar in levels of distress, which may change with the progress of grief over time, and suggests essentially similar early bereavement responses.
Abstract: Objective: This study compares the psychological symptoms and bereavement distress of individuals bereaved by AIDS with a group bereaved by a cancer death, and addresses the question of whether an AIDS death is associated with a higher rate of adverse psychosocial factors that may increase risk of psychological morbidity in the bereaved individuals. Method: AIDS (n = 28) and cancer (n = 30) bereaved individuals (all within 3 months of the bereavement) completed measures of psychological morbidity and measures addressing a range of other adverse factors, e.g., number of losses, levels of social support and stigma. Results: The cancer and AIDS bereaved were essentially similar on all psychological symptom measures. The AIDS group reported lower levels of social support in response to the bereavement than cancer bereaved individuals; a greater number of bereavements, were more likely to conceal the cause of death from significant others including their own family and perceived, in some instances, a greater level of rejection from others. The AIDS group reported higher levels of social support from friends than from family. Conclusions: At three months following bereavement, AIDS and cancer bereaved were similar in levels of distress. While this may change with the progress of grief over time, it suggests essentially similar early bereavement responses. Those bereaved by AIDS reported a range of other adverse factors such as a greater number of losses, lower social support, stigma, and less open disclosure of the cause of death.
27 citations
TL;DR: Findings provide little evidence that the debriefing, even though perceived as helpful, was effective in preventing negative outcomes, and it is conceivable thatdebriefing may exaggerate the traumatic process.
21 citations
Journal Article•
3 citations
TL;DR: Managing patients with HIV raises complex clinical, ethical and personal challenges and the overcommitted doctor who is not prepared to take preventive measures is at risk of burnout.
Abstract: Managing patients with HIV raises complex clinical, ethical and personal challenges. "Burnout" threatens the overcommitted doctor who is not prepared to take preventive measures.
2 citations