Brian R. Spisak

TL;DR: This paper examines the impact of facial cues on leadership emergence and indicates a multi-level classification of context-specific leadership based on visual cues imbedded in the human face and challenge traditional distinctions of male and female leadership.

TL;DR: In this article, an evolutionary psychology framework is used to argue that adaptive problems such as those concerning intergroup conflict or cooperation activate different cognitive leadership prototypes, and the face conveys diagnostic information about the suitability and emergence of intergroup leadership.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that particular group threats elicit specific gender-biased leader prototypes, and speculate about the evolutionary and cultural origins of these sex differences in the emergence of leadership.

TL;DR: The authors argue that charisma has evolved as a credible signal of a person's ability to solve a coordination challenge requiring urgent collective action from group members, and elaborate on several implications of this signaling hypothesis of charismatic leadership, including opportunities for deception (dishonest signaling) and for large-scale coordination.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a theoretical connection between the exploration-exploitation dilemma and age-biased leadership preferences for exploratory change versus stable exploitation using an evolutionary perspective.