Showing papers by "Bryan R. Cullen published in 1995"
TL;DR: The identification of a novel human gene product that binds to not only the HIV-1 Rev activation domain in vitro and in vivo but also to functionally equivalent domains in other Rev and Rex proteins.
321 citations
128 citations
TL;DR: Data demonstrate that injection of HIV-1 gene expression plasmids can induce potent humoral and cell-mediated immune responses and suggest that DNA vaccines may prove to be significantly beneficial as a means of immunizing against HIV- 1.
Abstract: DNA vaccines have the potential of giving rise to a potent cell-mediated immune response by inducing intracellular synthesis and subsequent antigenic presentation of encoded antigens. We have tested a DNA vaccine specific for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by the injection of animals with expression plasmids encoding the HIV-1 envelope protein and the Rev regulatory protein. Injection of both plasmids into mice, rabbits, or macaques was found to induce high levels of specific antibodies capable of efficiently inhibiting both HIV-1 infection and envelope-mediated cell fusion. A readily detectable delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was demonstrable in injected mice and lymphocytes derived from these mice proliferated in response to an HIV-1 envelope V3 loop-specific peptide. Interestingly, the injected mice or macaques also developed a strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against target cells pulsed with the V3 peptide. Taken together, these data demonstrate that injection of ...
119 citations
Journal Article•
60 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NF-kappa B and SP1 are not uniquely or even unusually competent to synergize with HIV-1 Tat, and can be functionally replaced by several, but not all, of the heterologous cellular and viral transcriptional activators tested.
26 citations
Patent•
02 Jun 1995TL;DR: Transdominant repressors of viral gene phenotypic expression derived from the rev gene product of HIV-1 or the rex gene products of HTLV-1 and corresponding mutated genes are described in this article.
Abstract: Transdominant repressors of viral gene phenotypic expression derived from the rev gene product of HIV-1 or the rex gene product of HTLV-1 and corresponding mutated genes are described, having the capability of repressing the Rev function in HIV-1 and/or the Rex function in HTLV-I and HTLV-II. Transient gene expression analysis of a series of missense and deletion mutants has been used. Sane of the mutants found repress both the Rev and the Rex function and are thus active in more than one viral species. Transdominant viral mutants represent a promising new class of anti-viral agents. Cellular expression of these transdominant inhibitors may be used in such therapeutic approaches as intracellular immunization in order to protect cells against the deleterious effects of viral, e.g. HIV-1 infection.