Invented are novel heterocyclic carboxamide compounds, the use of such compounds as inhibitors of protein kinase B activity and in the treatment of cancer and arthritis

Inhibitors of akt activity

Communication systems: An introduction to signals and noise in electrical communication

A connector for optical fibers includes a cylindrical glass ferrule installed in a plastic base member to form a fiber-holding structure This structure includes a small passageway along its central axis for holding an optical fiber, and is mounted within a dielectric housing that includes an opening at one end thereof from which the glass ferrule protrudes A cylindrical spring surrounds the base member and interacts with an interior surface of the housing to urge the glass ferrule outward from the opening in the housing The housing further includes a spring latch which is located on a single side surface thereof, which is manually operable and used to lock the connector to an associated receptacle

Connector for optical fiber

We demonstrate stable single-frequency and polarization operation of a travelling-wave Er3+:Yb3+-doped fiber loop laser by incorporating an unpumped Er3+-doped fiber section butted against a narrowband feedback reflector. The saturable absorber acts as a narrow bandpass filter which automatically tracks the lasing wavelength, thus ensuring single-frequency operation. Output powers up to 6.2 mW at 1535 nm were obtained for launched pump powers of 175 mW at 1064 nm. At this output, the RIN was less than -112 dB/Hz at frequencies above 200 kHz and the laser linewidth less than 0.95 kHz whilst the lasing frequency was observed to drift slowly (~ 170 MHz/hr) due to environmental effects.

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Stable single-frequency traveling-wave fiber loop laser with integral saturable-absorber-based tracking narrow-band filter

A method and apparatus of automatically locating in an image of a blood vessel the lumen boundary at a position in the vessel and from that measuring the diameter of the vessel. From the diameter of the vessel and estimated blood flow rate, a number of clinically significant physiological parameters are then determined and various user displays of interest generated. One use of these images and parameters is to aid the clinician in the placement of a stent. The system, in one embodiment, uses these measurements to allow the clinician to simulate the placement of a stent and to determine the effect of the placement. In addition, from these patient parameters various patient treatments are then performed.

Lumen Morphology and Vascular Resistance Measurements Data Collection Systems, Apparatus and Methods

This invention relates to temperature compensated FFPs with improved means for alignment of optical fibers. The invention provides ferrule holders with shaped ferrule passageways, as components of FFP alignment fixtures, in which optical fiber ends can be readily aligned using the ferrule rotary alignment method. The ferrule holders have a composite structure facilitating temperature compensation required for applications to PZT-tuned FFPs. The ferrule holder has a core and peripheral region made of materials having different thermal expansion coefficients. The holder core in contact with the ferrule is made of a material having a thermal expansion coefficient substantially matched to that of the ferrule material. In addition, ferrule holders are provided with a means for changing the points of contact between a secured ferrule and its holder which allows wavelength drift as a function of temperature in FFPs to be adjusted.

Temperature compensated fiber fabry-perot filters

A multi-wavelength reference for use in identifying and measuring wavelengths of radiation from an optical device. The invention provides an interferometer to generate a comb of accurately spaced peaks spanning a selected wavelength range combined with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of known Bragg wavelength to generate a peak or notch of known wavelength for use in identifying or marking a peak of the comb. The combination provides an accurate multi-wavelength reference useful in particular with high resolution wavelength scanners, such as tunable FFPI. The invention further provides systems for controlling, and/or compensating for, relative shifts in the wavelengths of the interferometer and the FBG as a function of changing temperature.

Fabry Perot/fiber Bragg grating multi-wavelength reference

This invention provides compact, fixed-wavelength and tunable fiber-optic lasers comprising a gain medium, for example a semiconductor, half-cavity VCSEL, or an organic light emitting polymer, within a Fabry-Perot cavity wherein one of the mirrors forming the cavity is a mirror integral with a fiber, for example a mirror (metallic or dielectric, for example) deposited at a fiber end, a reflective tap within an optical fiber, a fiber Bragg Grating (FBG), or a fiber loop mirror. Semiconductor gain material can be bulk semiconductor material or comprise a semiconductor multiple quantum well region. The gain medium itself is not confined to a fiber. The FP cavity of these lasers typically contains a thin active medium ranging up to about 10 μm in length, but more preferably about 1 to about 21 μm in thickness

Tunable fiber fabry-perot surface-emitting lasers

The invention is a temperature compensating structure for a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) contained in optical fiber. The structure comprises two plates made of materials having different temperature coefficients of expansion and bonded together. The optical fiber is bonded to the exposed surface of the plate having the lower temperature coefficient. The structure bends with changes in temperature and produces an elongation of the fiber with decreasing temperature.

Temperature compensated fiber Bragg gratings

A reference system for an optical wavelength scanner, used for measuring wavelengths of radiation from an optical device. The system utilizes a wavelength reference comprising a fixed fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) filter in combination with a reference fiber Bragg grating (FBG) of accurately known wavelength to minimize the effects of drift and nonlinearities in the scanner. The system utilizes dual optical branches, one containing a device or devices which generate, emit or reflect light of a particular wavelength which is to be measured or identified and the other containing the reference. The two branches are periodically illuminated, while the wavelength band is scanned for peaks or notches in light intensity in the illuminated branch. The wavelengths, at which peaks or notches in the light intensity of each branch occur, are logged. The wavelengths of the reference comb of the fixed FFP are determined by reference to that of the reference FBG. Then, the peaks or notches in the light intensity from the device under test are located by interpolation with respect to the comb of peaks produced by the reference.

Calvin M. Miller

Papers

Temperature compensated fiber fabry-perot filters

Fabry Perot/fiber Bragg grating multi-wavelength reference

Tunable fiber fabry-perot surface-emitting lasers

Temperature compensated fiber Bragg gratings

Reference system for optical devices including optical scanners and spectrum analyzers