The consumers play an important role in the protection of environment by their choices when they purchase products Consequently, with a view to manufacture products with minimum impact on environment as well as to influence the conduct of consumers and improve the ecological performance of products and services, the ISO 14000 standards were elaborated for ecological labelling and analysis of life cycle of products and national and regional systems of ecological labelling of products were introducedAlso, in order to support a healthy and non-polluting environment, the European Commission adopted, pursuant to some specialised studies, a legislation related to the assignment of the condition of ecological product to different categories of products and services, having as purpose the environment protection and ensuring a durable consumption At the same time, in order to improve the range of instruments of environment protection, financial and technical instruments were introduced as well The European Eco-Management and Audit Scheme – EMAS, but also the European ecological label Eco-labelThe European ecological label is useful in order to supply to the consumers essential information that may allow them to make choices knowingly, acting as well as a passport that authorizes the free circulation of products on the European territory All the European Union’s states adopted the communitarian ecological label Consequently, the integration of Romanian in the European Union imposed a range of measures related to the procedure of granting the ecological labelIn Romania, there is a specific legislative frame concerning the determination of the procedure of granting the ecological label and of their conditions of use Each group of products to which a label is assigned is governed by a specific legislation that sets forth the granting criteriaThe main objectives of article concern the featuring of some fundamental elements related to eco-labelling by emphasizing the main theoretical-methodological and conceptual delimitations, the presentation of this phenomenon on international, European and national level, ending in an analysis related to the attitude of Romanian consumers towards the ecological labelling of products

/pdf/attitude-of-romanian-consumers-related-to-products-4crfg6seib.pdf

Attitude of Romanian Consumers Related to Products’ Ecological Labelling

For the study of entrepreneurship, a cornerstone of modern competitive economy, perhaps there is no liberal profession better suited to be analysed than the financial audit. The financial auditor is meant to be an entrepreneur, to take his destiny into his own hands, because, in order to be independent, a demand induced by the ethical code provides that he cannot work as an employee of his services’ users. This paper proposes a research for identifying and presenting the entrepreneur’s role in the performance growth in the financial audit. The main objective of the conducted research is to present an overview of the entrepreneurship environment, to identify opportunities and challenges faced by the entrepreneur involved in the financial auditing of the level of development reached by the auditing market in Romania, by analysing representative statistical indicators in the market development and financial management of the audit activity. The proposed research methodology focuses on the collection, processing and analysis of statistical data on entrepreneurship of financial audit activity, based on official data published by the Chamber of Financial Auditors of Romania (CAFR), and on the identification of the main factors leading to the development of supply and demand of financial auditing and of the shortcomings the financial audit contractor involved in his own surveys is facing. Being a fairly new regulated profession, I had the privilege to analyse the developments in the entrepreneurship activity of the financial audit market for the entire period of existence: 1999-2013, showing the dynamic structure of supply and demand of financial auditing, the development and characteristics of the business environment during the period under review, the specificity of the financial audit entrepreneurship and I could outline a sketch of the entrepreneur involved in the financial audit activity. The research results show that the number of financial auditors, individuals and legal entities, had experienced a continuous growth, reflecting on one hand the attraction for the new profession and, on the other hand the role of modelling highlighted of the new professions, especially, the effects of organizational or regulatory measures such as the introduction of the three years stage in 2002, or the ability to harness the social and economic entrepreneurial opportunities induced by the economic and financial crisis, which imposed the necessity of audit entities to be subject to restructuring, or else becoming insolvent. The major role of entrepreneurship in developing the financial audit activity in Romania is revealed by empowering entrepreneurs, auditors, able to contribute to the growth and diversification of demand, audits reaching from 197 in 2001 to 6,588 in 2013. The research analyses in the end the dynamics of performance in audit work by defining specific performance indicators which show, synthetically, the entrepreneur’s role in the improvement of the financial audit activity, and the growth of its performance.

/pdf/the-entrepreneur-s-role-in-the-performance-growth-of-the-y3jeumeizz.pdf

The Entrepreneur’s Role in the Performance Growth of the Financial Audit Activity in Romania

The digital transformation era is in full motion, steadily making its way into common households, triggering changes in behavior as well as consumption patterns. While some changes can occur only within the context of the household mean income, such as the upgrade of appliances or devices, correlated with a personal preference in adopting such tools and technologies, there is one area that must keep with the pace of change, regardless of the household’s subjective criteria: energy consumption. The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of digitalization on the household energy consumption, with the intent to understand trends, anticipate future changes as well as impact energy consumption efficiency. The results of the panel regressions based on the quantity of consumed energy and the popularity of several internet activities have revealed an inverse relation. The increased number of consumers doing certain internet activities such as: internet calling, reading online newspapers, activities on social media networks and uploading content online determine a lower energy consumption for that economy. There was no significant evidence for the relation between the energy consumption and internet activities such as: reading e-mails, searching for, doing internet banking and online purchases.

The Paradox of Energy Consumption Decrease in the Transition Period towards a Digital Society

Previous studies (McKnight, Lankton and Tripp, 2011; Liao, Lui and Chen, 2011) have shown the crucial role of trust when choosing to disclose sensitive information online. This is the case of online social networks users, who must disclose a certain amount of personal data in order to gain access to these online services. Taking into account privacy calculus model and the risk/benefit ratio, we propose a model of users’ trust in online social networks with four variables. We have adapted metrics for the purpose of our study and we have assessed their reliability and validity. We use a Partial Least Squares (PLS) based structural equation modelling analysis, which validated all our initial assumptions, indicating that our three predictors (privacy concerns, perceived benefits and perceived risks) explain 48% of the variation of users’ trust in online social networks, the resulting variable of our study. We also discuss the implications and further research opportunities of our study.

/pdf/modelling-users-trust-in-online-social-networks-1v9ed9d6ss.pdf

Modelling users' trust in online social networks

Based on the OECD research from 2020, tourism is one of the biggest and fast-growing sectors of the world economy. Tourism plays a key role in job creation as well as in added value creation. In 2018, the revenue from tourism in Slovakia totaled EUR 2.7 billion, which is EUR 4.7% more than the year before, where the mentioned refers to 3% GDP and 27.6% of the services-related exports. The authors drew their attention to identifying some marketing communication tools’ impact on the castle museum attendance in Slovakia and analyzed the degree and dynamics of the communication structure implementation in the context of cultural heritage. In general, 5840 cultural tourists were interviewed during three restricted cycles: 2006–2009, 2011–2014, and 2016–2019; the interviewing was held through the questionnaires only during the summer seasons. The study herein shows that the quality perception of the carried out offline marketing communication activities and the visit intention itself have significant influence on the interest of customers in repeated visits to castle museums.

https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/15/8191/pdf

Potential of Marketing Communication as a Sustainability Tool in the Context of Castle Museums

Taking into account that sustainable development of organization’s business depends largely on the quality of the relationships it builds on long-term and marketing communication plays a key role in this process, the purpose of this article is to give a perception of SMEs customers regarding their way to communicate. The results of the research conducted for this purpose may be considered by consultants and decision makers in small and medium enterprises to set up communication programs likely to produce favorable results in the light of sustainable development. Considered to have an important role in generating a prosperous economy, SMEs should be encouraged in the process of increasing competitiveness in a sustainable manner, including by providing leverage to enable them to make better use specific tools of marketing communication. The study shows that the most used tools are not necessarily the most appropriate, in terms of customers. Therefore, in order to promote sustainable development of business, small and medium enterprises must learn to choose the most appropriate ways of marketing communication, ensuring strengthen relationships with customers and gain competitive advantage.

/pdf/marketing-communication-as-a-vector-of-the-romanian-small-13q8scsfx8.pdf

Camelia Kailani

Papers

Marketing communication as a vector of the romanian small businesses sustainable development