Carl A. Latkin

TL;DR: Perceptions of neighborhood characteristics and measures of social support and social integration entered as interactions with neighborhood perceptions did not buffer the effect of neighborhood perceptions, and the need for structural intervention was suggested.

TL;DR: Evidence on the effectiveness of individual-level approaches to prevention of HIV infection is summarized, global and regional coverage of opioid substitution treatment, needle and syringe programmes, and antiretroviral treatment is reviewed, and the effect of increased coverage and a combination of these three approaches on HIV transmission and prevalence in injecting drug users is modeled.

TL;DR: Results suggest that psychosocial intervention emphasizing prosocial roles and social identity, and incorporating peer outreach strategies, can reduce HIV risk in low-income, drug-using communities.

TL;DR: Examination of the relationship between condom use, condom norms, and social network characteristics among a sample of economically impoverished individuals at risk for acquiring and transmitting HIV found that reported condom use was strongly associated with peer norms about condom use.

TL;DR: The results from this study suggest that, in the IDU community, training peer leaders as HIV educators may promote HIV prevention among the leaders' risk network members and others at risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV.