Showing papers in "The Lancet in 2010"
TL;DR: Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy can be considered as a new standard option for patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.
5,679 citations
TL;DR: Further reductions in LDL cholesterol safely produce definite further reductions in the incidence of heart attack, of revascularisation, and of ischaemic stroke, with each 1·0 mmol/L reduction reducing the annual rate of these major vascular events by just over a fifth.
4,923 citations
Harvard University1, China Medical Board2, Aga Khan University3, Washington University in St. Louis4, Cayetano Heredia University5, Peking University6, National Health Laboratory Service7, University of Pennsylvania8, University of Toronto9, Rockefeller Foundation10, Public Health Foundation of India11, The Sage Colleges12, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation13, Makerere University14, American University of Beirut15
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive framework that considers the connections between education and health systems, centred on people as co-producers and as drivers of needs and demands in both systems.
4,215 citations
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of individual records of diabetes, fasting blood glucose concentration, and other risk factors in people without initial vascular disease from studies in the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration found diabetes confers about a two-fold excess risk for a wide range of vascular diseases, independently from other conventional risk factors.
3,568 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis of general population cohorts was conducted to assess the independent and combined associations of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria with mortality.
3,087 citations
TL;DR: Treatment with cabazitaxel plus prednisone has important clinical antitumour activity, improving overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer whose disease has progressed during or after docetaxel-based therapy.
2,910 citations
TL;DR: New estimates for 2008 of the major causes of death in children younger than 5 years in 193 countries are reported to help to focus national programmes and donor assistance.
2,898 citations
Population Health Research Institute1, National University of Ireland, Galway2, St. John's Medical College3, Mulago Hospital4, Eduardo Mondlane University5, Royal Perth Hospital6, University of the Philippines7, Universiti Teknologi MARA8, Copenhagen University Hospital9, University Hospital Bonn10, University of Miami11
TL;DR: The findings suggest that ten risk factors are associated with 90% of the risk of stroke, and targeted interventions that reduce blood pressure and smoking, and promote physical activity and a healthy diet, could substantially reduce the burden of stroke.
2,793 citations
TL;DR: Tranexamic acid safely reduced the risk of death in bleeding trauma patients in this study, and should be considered for use in bleed trauma patients.
2,557 citations
University of Edinburgh1, Public Health Foundation of India2, Kenya Medical Research Institute3, University of Warwick4, University of Liverpool5, University of the Witwatersrand6, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium7, Johns Hopkins University8, University of Barcelona9, International Military Sports Council10, Dartmouth College11, Padjadjaran University12, University of Colorado Denver13, University of Split14
TL;DR: Mortality data suggest that RSV is an important cause of death in childhood from ALRI, after pneumococcal pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae type b, and the development of novel prevention and treatment strategies should be accelerated as a priority.
2,317 citations
The Heart Research Institute1, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg2, Saarland University3, Barts Health NHS Trust4, John Hunter Hospital5, Université catholique de Louvain6, University of Kiel7, University of Cologne8, Leipzig University9, Medical University of Vienna10, Complutense University of Madrid11, St. Vincent's Health System12, University of Duisburg-Essen13, Canterbury Hospital14, University of Zurich15, University of Glasgow16, Auckland City Hospital17, University of Freiburg18, Jagiellonian University19, Stanford University20, Harvard University21
TL;DR: Catheter-based renal denervation can safely be used to substantially reduce blood pressure in treatment-resistant hypertensive patients and should be continued, according to the authors.
TL;DR: Although only 23 countries are on track to achieve a 75% decrease in MMR by 2015, countries such as Egypt, China, Ecuador, and Bolivia have been achieving accelerated progress and substantial, albeit varied, progress has been made towards MDG 5.
King's College London1, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center2, Harvard University3, University of Pennsylvania4, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center5, City of Hope National Medical Center6, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center7, Lund University8, University of Cologne9, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre10, National Institute for Health Research11, AstraZeneca12
TL;DR: Findings from this phase 2 study provide positive proof of concept of the efficacy and tolerability of genetically targeted treatment with olaparib in BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of heart rate reduction by the selective sinus-node inhibitor ivabradine on outcomes in heart failure was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study.
TL;DR: CRP concentration has continuous associations with the risk of coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, vascular mortality, and death from several cancers and lung disease that are each of broadly similar size.
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of published and unpublished data found that statin therapy is associated with a slightly increased risk of development of diabetes, but the risk is low both in absolute terms and when compared with the reduction in coronary events.
University of Glasgow1, Boehringer Ingelheim2, Dresden University of Technology3, Mayo Clinic4, Sapienza University of Rome5, University of Texas at Austin6, Stanford University7, Helsinki University Central Hospital8, Food and Drug Administration9, University of Melbourne10, Heidelberg University11
TL;DR: Patients with ischaemic stroke selected by clinical symptoms and CT benefit from intravenous alteplase when treated up to 4.5 h should be taken to shorten delay in initiation of treatment to increase benefit to a maximum.
TL;DR: It is concluded that mass media campaigns can produce positive changes or prevent negative changes in health-related behaviours across large populations.
University of Cologne1, Heidelberg University2, University of Mainz3, Praxis4, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich5, Frankston Hospital6, University of Bologna7, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre8, Medical University of Vienna9, Charles University in Prague10, University of Ulm11, Hoffmann-La Roche12
TL;DR: Chemoimmunotherapy with fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab improves progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and the results suggest that the choice of a specific first-line treatment changes the natural course of chronic lymphocytes.
TL;DR: Flexible sigmoidoscopy is a safe and practical test and, when offered only once between ages 55 and 64 years, confers a substantial and longlasting benefit.
TL;DR: Visit-to-visit variability in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and maximum SBP are strong predictors of stroke, independent of mean SBP.
TL;DR: The results of this study provide positive proof of concept for PARP inhibition in BRCA-deficient breast cancers and shows a favourable therapeutic index for a novel targeted treatment strategy in patients with tumours that have genetic loss of function of BRCa1-associated orBRCA2-associated DNA repair.
Harvard University1, McGill University2, University of Washington3, Erasmus University Rotterdam4, UCL Institute of Child Health5, University of Helsinki6, University of Cambridge7, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis8, National Institutes of Health9, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute10, Imperial College London11, Wake Forest University12, University of Oxford13, Churchill Hospital14, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics15, Tufts University16, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center17, Agency for Science, Technology and Research18, University of Miami19, Health Canada20, Public Health Agency of Canada21, University College London22, University of Aberdeen23, Broad Institute24, University of Pittsburgh25, Boston University26, King's College London27, University of Oulu28, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health29
TL;DR: In this article, a genome-wide association study of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in 33,996 individuals of European descent from 15 cohorts was conducted to identify common genetic variants affecting vitamin D concentrations and risk of insufficiency.
TL;DR: A review of the most up-to-date knowledge and a perspective for the future prophylaxis or new treatments for CA-MRSA infections is provided in this paper.
TL;DR: Improved scoring and weighting approach of MCDA increases the differentiation between the most and least harmful drugs, however, the findings correlate poorly with present UK drug classification, which is not based simply on considerations of harm.
TL;DR: Although quality of research into both prevention and treatment has improved, high-quality multicentre trials with long-term follow-up are needed and approaches to increase energy expenditure and decrease intake should continue.
TL;DR: Benefit was greatest for cancers of the proximal colon, which are not otherwise prevented effectively by screening with sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, and benefit increased with scheduled duration of treatment.
Case Western Reserve University1, Wake Forest University2, SUNY Downstate Medical Center3, Medical University of South Carolina4, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center5, University of Cincinnati6, University of Minnesota7, Veterans Health Administration8, University of Maryland, Baltimore9, Eli Lilly and Company10, Oregon Health & Science University11, New York University12, HealthPartners13, University of Michigan14, Albert Einstein College of Medicine15, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences16, Henry Ford Hospital17
TL;DR: Intensive therapy did not reduce the risk of advanced measures of microvascular outcomes, but delayed the onset of albuminuria and some measures of eye complications and neuropathy.
TL;DR: Completion of long-term follow-up is needed to establish the efficacy of carotid artery stenting compared with endarterectomy, but in the meantime, carotin artery stent should remain the treatment of choice for patients suitable for surgery.
TL;DR: Relationship power inequity and intimate partner violence increase risk of incident HIV infection in young South African women and policy, interventions, and programmes for HIV prevention must address both of these risk factors and allocate appropriate resources.