Carolina Fonseca Couto

TL;DR: In this article, the occurrence of Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in water and wastewater worldwide as well as their fate, focusing on the removal by conventional WTPs and the risk imposed to human health associated to the presence of PhACs in raw and drinking water.

TL;DR: In this article, the rejection mechanisms and the interactions between PhACs and NOM or inorganic salts are well understood, and it is consensual that tighter NF membranes are more efficient than looser membranes, reaching >99% of removal.

TL;DR: In this article, the rejection of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) by nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and membrane distillation (MD) was investigated.

TL;DR: Effects of seasonality and socioeconomic aspects were observed in PhACs occurrence, like their higher concentrations during winter and in locales with higher values of gross domestic product per capita and human development index, but all surface waters were subject to toxicological risk owing to at least one PhAC.

TL;DR: In this article, a direct contact membrane distillation process was used to achieve rejection of 25 pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in water, which was mainly governed by volatility and, to a lesser extent, by hydrophobia.