Dysphonia or hoarseness of voice is defined as a disorder characterized by altered voice quality, loudness, pitch, or vocal effort which impairs the communication or hamper voice-related quality of life. Dysphonia or hoarseness of the voice is a commonly encountered vocal symptom among children. The etiological profiles of dysphonia among children are variable. The laryngoscopic examination is required for identification of the lesions. Pediatric dysphonia is a common cause for referral to pediatric otolaryngologists and management sometimes vary. Voice disorders in children are often due to strenuous speaking, screaming, singing, excess coughing, and habit of clearing throat. Endoscopic and physical examinations are the key behind the assessing dysphonic child. Flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscopy is suitable for accurate diagnosis. Additional examinations are sometimes needed during the assessment. There several treatment options for pediatric dysphonia and often based on the etiology.

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Pediatric dysphonia - a review

Assessment of auditory processing in childhood dysphonia.

Update on the pediatric adverse vocal behavior voice disorders: a clinical practice review

Voice and Behavior of Children and Adolescents With Obesity: Integrative Literature Review.

Abstract Background This study aimed to understand the association of child behavior and parenting practices with chronic habitual hyperfunctional childhood dysphonia (CHCD) for a better understanding of the nature of the psychological background of the problem. The study involved 52 Egyptian children aged 4 to 14 years old of both genders; the case group included 26 children diagnosed with (CHCD) based on auditory perceptual assessment using the modified GRBAS scale and laryngeal examination using an indirect laryngoscope, and the control group included 26 healthy children of the same age and gender. All of the children in the study had their histories were taken (demographic data, child vocal behavior history, and family vocal behavior history), the social class determined, SDQ for child behavior, and APQ for parenting practices. Results The findings revealed that children with CHCD were more likely to engage in unhealthy vocal behavior and engage in street/sports activities. At the SDQ, children with CHCD had significantly higher emotional, conduct, and total difficulty scores. The degree of dysphonia was associated with prosocial behavior and emotional symptoms. The two groups’ parenting practices did not significantly differ from one another. Conclusion According to our research, CHCD is associated with several behavior problems, such as emotional symptom and conduct issues, but not with parenting practices. 

https://ejo.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43163-022-00324-9

Cecília Almeida

Papers

Behavioral Profile of Children With Vocal Fold Nodules-A Case-control Study.