I read this book the same weekend that the Packers took on the Rams, and the experience of the latter event, obviously, colored my judgment. Although I abhor anything that smacks of being a handbook (like, \"How to Earn a Merit Badge in Neurosurgery\") because too many volumes in biomedical science already evince a boyscout-like approach, I must confess that parts of this volume are fast, scholarly, and significant, with certain reservations. I like parts of this well-illustrated book because Dr. Sj6strand, without so stating, develops certain subjects on technique in relation to the acquisition of judgment and sophistication. And this is important! So, given that the author (like all of us) is somewhat deficient in some areas, and biased in others, the book is still valuable if the uninitiated reader swallows it in a general fashion, realizing full well that what will be required from the reader is a modulation to fit his vision, propreception, adaptation and response, and the kind of problem he is undertaking. A major deficiency of this book is revealed by comparison of its use of physics and of chemistry to provide understanding and background for the application of high resolution electron microscopy to problems in biology. Since the volume is keyed to high resolution electron microscopy, which is a sophisticated form of structural analysis, but really morphology in a modern guise, the physical and mechanical background of The instrument and its ancillary tools are simply and well presented. The potential use of chemical or cytochemical information as it relates to biological fine structure , however, is quite deficient. I wonder when even sophisticated morphol-ogists will consider fixation a reaction and not a technique; only then will the fundamentals become self-evident and predictable and this sine qua flon will become less mystical. Staining reactions (the most inadequate chapter) ought to be something more than a technique to selectively enhance contrast of morphological elements; it ought to give the structural addresses of some of the chemical residents of cell components. Is it pertinent that auto-radiography gets singled out for more complete coverage than other significant aspects of cytochemistry by a high resolution microscopist, when it has a built-in minimal error of 1,000 A in standard practice? I don't mean to blind-side (in strict football terminology) Dr. Sj6strand's efforts for what is \"routinely used in our laboratory\"; what is done is usually well done. It's just that …

Methods in Enzymology.

Polymeric materials with antimicrobial activity

Thermosetting (bio)materials derived from renewable resources: A critical review

Despite numerous existing potent antibiotics and other antimicrobial means, bacterial infections are still a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, the need to develop additional bactericidal means has significantly increased due to the growing concern regarding multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and biofilm associated infections. Consequently, attention has been especially devoted to new and emerging nanoparticle-based materials in the field of antimicrobial chemotherapy. The present review discusses the activities of nanoparticles as an antimicrobial means, their mode of action, nanoparticle effect on drug-resistant bacteria, and the risks attendant on their use as antibacterial agents. Factors contributing to nanoparticle performance in the clinical setting, their unique properties, and mechanism of action as antibacterial agents are discussed in detail.

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Alternative Antimicrobial Approach: Nano-Antimicrobial Materials

Preparation of amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN-oxime) nanofibers and their applications to metal ions adsorption

Adsorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solution by methacrylic acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber

A few thermosetting wood adhesive tanninresin system from formaldehyde reaction with both con-densed and hydrolysable tannin has been developed. Poly-merization of formaldehyde with mimosa tannin and valo-nia tannin was carried out at optimal conditions obtainedfrom literature to establish the adhesive resin formulation.Formed reaction products were characterized by FTIR spec-troscopy. The possible adsorption mechanisms for the ad-sorption of various metal ions onto tannin-formaldehyderesins were proposed. Also, thermal analysis were studiedand discussed by differential scanning calorimetry and ther-mogravimetry. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci102: 786–797, 2006 Key words: mimosa and valonia tannin; formaldehyde re-action; adsorption mechanism; FTIR spectroscopy; thermalanalysis INTRODUCTION Tannin compounds, extracted from the wood, bark,leaves, fruits, and galls of plants, are unique and in-expensive natural materials. Depending on their struc-ture, they can be classiﬁed in two main categories:hydrolysable and condensed tannins, and they arewidely distributed in nature. They have multiple ad-jacent polyhydroxyphenyl groups in their chemicalstructure, which have extremely high afﬁnity for pro-teins, metal ions, and other macromolecules like poly-saccharides.

Studies on synthesis, characterization, and metal adsorption of mimosa and valonia tannin resins

A new synthesis, characterization and application chelating resin for determination of some trace metals in honey samples by FAAS.

In this study, a new fibrous adsorbent was prepared by grafting itaconic acid/acrylamide (IA/AAm) comonomers onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers for removal of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) metal ions from aqueous solution by using batch adsorption method. Effects of various parameters such as grafting yield, pH, shaking time, initial ion concentration and reaction temperature on the adsorption amount of ions onto reactive fibers were investigated. Moreover, the recyclability and selectivity of the reactive fibers were studied. The results show that the adsorption rate of metal ions followed as given in the order Ni(II) > Co(II) > Cu(II). The adsorption amount of ions increased with grafting yield, shaking time, adsorption temperature and pH of the medium. The maximum adsorption capacities of the reactive fiber for Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) are 7.73, 13.79 and 14.81 mg/g, respectively. It was found that the adsorption isotherm of the ions fitted Langmuir-type isotherm. The activation energies of ions for adsorption were calculated as 17.32, 12.83 and 6.98 kJ/mol for Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions, respectively. It was observed that the grafted fibers are stable and regenerable by acid without losing their activity and it is more selective for Cu(II) ions in the mixed solution of Cu–Ni, Cu–Co, and Cu–Ni–Co at pH 4. The grafted fibers and the metal loaded fibers were characterized by FTIR, TGA and SEM.

Cengiz Soykan

Papers

Adsorption of copper(II), nickel(II) and cobalt(II) ions from aqueous solution by methacrylic acid/acrylamide monomer mixture grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber

Studies on synthesis, characterization, and metal adsorption of mimosa and valonia tannin resins

A new synthesis, characterization and application chelating resin for determination of some trace metals in honey samples by FAAS.

Removal of some heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by adsorption using poly(ethylene terephthalate)-g-itaconic acid/acrylamide fiber

A new chelating resin: Synthesis, characterization and application for speciation of chromium (III)/(VI) species