Biomass gasification technology: The state of the art overview

A review on production, storage of hydrogen and its utilization as an energy resource

CO2 methanation over heterogeneous catalysts: recent progress and future prospects

Bimetallic catalysts have attracted extensive attention for a wide range of applications in energy production and environmental remediation due to their tunable chemical/physical properties. These properties are mainly governed by a number of parameters such as compositions of the bimetallic systems, their preparation method, and their morphostructure. In this regard, numerous efforts have been made to develop “designer” bimetallic catalysts with specific nanostructures and surface properties as a result of recent advances in the area of materials chemistry. The present review highlights a detailed overview of the development of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts for energy and environmental applications. Starting from a materials science perspective in order to obtain controlled morphologies and surface properties, with a focus on the fundamental understanding of these bimetallic systems to make a correlation with their catalytic behaviors, a detailed account is provided on the utilization of these systems in the catalytic reactions related to energy production and environmental remediation. We include the entire library of nickel-based bimetallic catalysts for both chemical and electrochemical processes such as catalytic reforming, dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, electrocatalysis and many other reactions.

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Ni-based bimetallic heterogeneous catalysts for energy and environmental applications

CO2 methanation is a well-known reaction that is of interest as a capture and storage (CCS) process and as a renewable energy storage system based on a power-to-gas conversion process by substitute or synthetic natural gas (SNG) production. Integrating water electrolysis and CO2 methanation is a highly effective way to store energy produced by renewables sources. The conversion of electricity into methane takes place via two steps: hydrogen is produced by electrolysis and converted to methane by CO2 methanation. The effectiveness and efficiency of power-to-gas plants strongly depend on the CO2 methanation process. For this reason, research on CO2 methanation has intensified over the last 10 years. The rise of active, selective, and stable catalysts is the core of the CO2 methanation process. Novel, heterogeneous catalysts have been tested and tuned such that the CO2 methanation process increases their productivity. The present work aims to give a critical overview of CO2 methanation catalyst production and research carried out in the last 50 years. The fundamentals of reaction mechanism, catalyst deactivation, and catalyst promoters, as well as a discussion of current and future developments in CO2 methanation, are also included.

Supported Catalysts for CO2 Methanation: A Review

Methane production from carbon monoxide and hydrogen over nickel–alumina xerogel catalyst: Effect of nickel content

Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methane over mesoporous nickel-M-alumina (M = Fe, Ni, Co, Ce, and La) xerogel catalysts

The co-methanation of carbon dioxide containing syngas was carried out on Al2O3 supported NixFe1−x (x is 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9) catalysts for synthetic natural gas (SNG) production. The catalysts were prepared by wet-impregnation method taking 20 weight percent of the metallic component over the support, and its characteristics were analyzed by BET surface area, XRD and H2-TPR. The maximum carbon conversion and CH4 selectivity are achieved on Ni0.7Fe0.3/Al2O3 catalyst. Further, increase of Fe content led to enhancing the water gas shift reaction and hydrocarbon formation.

Co-methanation of CO and CO2 on the NiX-Fe1−X/Al2O3 catalysts; effect of Fe contents

In this work, we proposed the three different reactor systems for evaluating of synthetic natural gas(SNG) processes using the synthesis gas consisting of CO and and reactor systems to be considered are series adiabatic reaction system, series adiabatic reaction system with the recirculation and cooling wall type reaction system. The maximum temperature of the first adiabatic reactor in series adiabatic reaction system raised to 800. From the these results, carbon dioxide in product gas as compared to other systems was increased more than that expected due to water gas shift reaction(WGSR) and the maximum concentration in SNG was 90.1%. In series adiabatic reaction system with the recirculation as a way to decrease the temperature in catalyst bed, the maximum concentration in SNG was 96.3%. In cooling wall type reaction system, the reaction heat is absorbed by boiling water in the shell and the reaction temperature is controlled by controlling the amount of flow rate and pressure of feed water. The maximum concentration in SNG for cooling wall type reaction system was 97.9%. The main advantage of the cooling wall type reaction system over adiabatic systems is that potentially it can be achieve almost complete methanation in one reactor.

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Operating Characteristics of 1 $Nm^3/h$ Scale Synthetic Natural Gas(SNG) Synthetic Systems

Syngas from gasification of coal can be converted to SNG(Synthesis Natural Gas) through gas cleaning, water gas shift, CO2 removal, and methanation. One of the key technologies involved in the production of SNG is the methanation process. In the methanation process, carbon oxide is converted into methane by reaction with hydrogen. Major factors of methanation are hydrogen-carbon oxide ratio, reaction temperature and space velocity. In order to understand the catalytic behavior, temperature programmed surface reaction (TPSR) experiments and reaction in a fixed bed reactor of carbon monoxide have been performed using two commercial catalyst with different Ni contents (Catalyst A, B). In case of catalyst A, CO conversion was over 99% at the temperature range of 350~420℃ and CO conversions and CH4 selectivity were lower at the space condition over 3000 1/h. In case of catalyst B, CO conversion was 100% at the temperature over 370℃ and CO conversions and CH4 selectivity were lower at the space condition over 4700 1/h. Also, conditions to satisfy CH4 productivity over 500 ml/h.g-cat were over 2000 1/h of space velocity in case of catalyst A and over 2300 1/h of space velocity in case of catalyst B.

Changdae Byun

Papers

Methane production from carbon monoxide and hydrogen over nickel–alumina xerogel catalyst: Effect of nickel content

Hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methane over mesoporous nickel-M-alumina (M = Fe, Ni, Co, Ce, and La) xerogel catalysts

Co-methanation of CO and CO2 on the NiX-Fe1−X/Al2O3 catalysts; effect of Fe contents

Operating Characteristics of 1 $Nm^3/h$ Scale Synthetic Natural Gas(SNG) Synthetic Systems

Methanation with Variation of Temperature and Space Velocity on Ni Catalysts