Recent Progress of the Solid-State Electrolytes for High-Energy Metal-Based Batteries

High ionic conductivity solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) has long been desired for the next generation high energy and safe rechargeable lithium batteries. Among all of the SPEs, composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) with ceramic fillers has garnered great interest due to the enhancement of ionic conductivity. However, the high degree of polymer crystallinity, agglomeration of ceramic fillers, and weak polymer–ceramic interaction limit the further improvement of ionic conductivity. Different from the existing methods of blending preformed ceramic particles with polymers, here we introduce an in situ synthesis of ceramic filler particles in polymer electrolyte. Much stronger chemical/mechanical interactions between monodispersed 12 nm diameter SiO2 nanospheres and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) chains were produced by in situ hydrolysis, which significantly suppresses the crystallization of PEO and thus facilitates polymer segmental motion for ionic conduction. In addition, an improved degree of LiClO4 dissociati...

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High Ionic Conductivity of Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte via In Situ Synthesis of Monodispersed SiO2 Nanospheres in Poly(ethylene oxide).

All solid-state polymer electrolytes for high-performance lithium ion batteries

https://www.cell.com/chem/pdf/S2451-9294(19)30219-0.pdf

Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Batteries: Advances and Prospects

Conventional lithium rechargeable batteries contain solid electrodes and liquid electrolytes, which can have potential security risks concerning volatilization, flammability and explosion. Demand for safe, high-energy lithium-ion batteries is increasing. Solid-state electrolytes could eliminate most of the safety concerns encountered with liquid electrolytes. In this review, we discuss existing solid electrolytes including inorganic solid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes. We systematically summarize and visually display the current limitations of solid electrolytes and efforts to overcome them with the objective of large-scale development. The development of flexible, lithium–sulfur and lithium–air batteries containing solid electrolytes is described. The Materials Genome Initiative, which was designed to allow efficient selection of solid electrolytes, is also introduced.

The pursuit of solid-state electrolytes for lithium batteries: from comprehensive insight to emerging horizons

There is a growing shift from liquid electrolytes toward solid polymer electrolytes, in energy storage devices, due to the many advantages of the latter such as enhanced safety, flexibility, and manufacturability. The main issue with polymer electrolytes is their lower ionic conductivity compared to that of liquid electrolytes. Nanoscale fillers such as silica and alumina nanoparticles are known to enhance the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes. Although carbon nanotubes have been used as fillers for polymers in various applications, they have not yet been used in polymer electrolytes as they are conductive and can pose the risk of electrical shorting. In this study, we show that nanotubes can be packaged within insulating clay layers to form effective 3D nanofillers. We show that such hybrid nanofillers increase the lithium ion conductivity of PEO electrolyte by almost 2 orders of magnitude. Furthermore, significant improvement in mechanical properties were observed where only 5 wt % addition of the filler led to 160% increase in the tensile strength of the polymer. This new approach of embedding conducting-insulating hybrid nanofillers could lead to the development of a new generation of polymer nanocomposite electrolytes with high ion conductivity and improved mechanical properties.

High Ion Conducting Polymer Nanocomposite Electrolytes Using Hybrid Nanofillers

Two dimensional graphene oxide (GO) sheets with high surface area and excellent mechanical properties are introduced into a solid polyethylene oxide/lithium salt electrolyte. Nearly two orders of magnitude improvement in ion conductivity and a 260% increase in the tensile strength of the polymer electrolyte are achieved with only 1 wt% GO content. GO fillers show improved thermo-mechanical stability for the polymer electrolyte and they appear to significantly enhance the performance of the Li ion battery.

Changyu Tang

Papers

High Ion Conducting Polymer Nanocomposite Electrolytes Using Hybrid Nanofillers

High performance solid polymer electrolyte with graphene oxide nanosheets