Synthesis and application of epoxy resins: A review

Supramolecular Amphiphiles Based on Host-Guest Molecular Recognition Motifs.

Fast-growing field of magnetically recyclable nanocatalysts.

Hypoxia development in tumor is closely associated with its increased aggressiveness and strong resistance to therapy, leading to the poor prognosis in several cancer types. Clinically, invasive oxygen microelectrode and high dosage radiotherapy are often utilized to accurately detect and effectively fight hypoxia. Recently, however, there has been a surge of interdisciplinary research aiming at developing functional molecules and nanomaterials that can be used to noninvasively image and efficiently treat hypoxic tumors. In this review, we will provide an overview of the reports published to date on the imaging and therapy of hypoxic tumors. First, we will present the design concepts and engineering of various hypoxia-responsive probes that can be applied to image hypoxia noninvasively, in an order of fluorescent imaging, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. Then, we will summarize the up-to-date functional nanomaterials which can be used for the effective t...

Chemical Design and Synthesis of Functionalized Probes for Imaging and Treating Tumor Hypoxia

Tumour chemotherapy employs highly cytotoxic chemodrugs, which kill both cancer and normal cells by cellular apoptosis or necrosis non-selectively. Catalysing/triggering the specific chemical reactions only inside tumour tissues can generate abundant and special chemicals and products locally to initiate a series of unique biological and pathologic effects, which may enable tumour-specific theranostic effects to combat cancer without bringing about significant side effects on normal tissues. Nevertheless, chemical reaction-initiated selective tumour therapy strongly depends on the advances in chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology and biomedicine. This emerging cross-disciplinary research area is substantially different from conventional cancer-theranostic modalities in clinics. In response to the fast developments in cancer theranostics based on intratumoural catalytic chemical reactions, this tutorial review summarizes the very-recent research progress in the design and synthesis of representative nanoplatforms with intriguing nanostructures, compositions, physiochemical properties and biological behaviours for versatile catalytic chemical reaction-enabled cancer treatments, mainly by either endogenous tumour microenvironment (TME) triggering or exogenous physical irradiation. These unique intratumoural chemical reactions can be used in tumour-starving therapy, chemodynamic therapy, gas therapy, alleviation of tumour hypoxia, TME-responsive diagnostic imaging and stimuli-responsive drug release, and even externally triggered versatile therapeutics. In particular, the challenges and future developments of such a novel type of cancer-theranostic modality are discussed in detail to understand the future developments and prospects in this research area as far as possible. It is highly expected that this kind of unique tumour-specific therapeutics by triggering specific in situ catalytic chemical reactions inside tumours would provide a novel but efficient methodology for benefiting personalized biomedicine in combating cancer.

Nanoparticle-triggered in situ catalytic chemical reactions for tumour-specific therapy

Disulfide-cleavage-triggered chemosensors and their biological applications.

Magnetically recyclable nanocatalyst systems for the organic reactions

Summary The further development of the catalytic system will require advanced materials that can selectively catalyze the specific chemical reactions with a high reactivity and be recycled through the simple separation and regeneration process. The superparamagnetic nanoparticles, whose flocculation and dispersion can be reversibly controlled by applying a magnetic field, was recently employed in the catalytic applications and received the immense attractions as a new type of the recyclable support matrix. In the absence of the external magnetic field, superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be well dispersed in a reaction solution, providing large surface area which can be readily accessed by substrate molecules. And, after completing the reactions, they can be efficiently isolated from the product solution through simple magnetic separation process. In this review, we discuss the catalytic system devised by employing superparamagnetic nanoparticles as a support and their performance in catalyzing various organic reactions.

Choon Woo Lim

Papers

Disulfide-cleavage-triggered chemosensors and their biological applications.

Magnetically recyclable nanocatalyst systems for the organic reactions

Magnetically Recyclable Nanocatalyst Systems for the Organic Reactions

Synthesis of PPy/silica nanocomposites with cratered surfaces and their application in heavy metal extraction

Antibody functionalization with a dual reactive hydrazide/click crosslinker.