Reaction Mechanism Generator: Automatic construction of chemical kinetic mechanisms ☆

Extraction of organic compounds with room temperature ionic liquids.

Although thousands of quantitative structure–activity and structure–property relationships (QSARs/QSPRs) have been published, as well as numerous papers on the correct procedures for QSAR/QSPR analysis, many analyses are still carried out incorrectly, or in a less than satisfactory manner. We have identified 21 types of error that continue to be perpetrated in the QSAR/QSPR literature, and each of these is discussed, with examples (including some of our own). Where appropriate, we make recommendations for avoiding errors and for improving and enhancing QSAR/QSPR analyses.

How not to develop a quantitative structure–activity or structure–property relationship (QSAR/QSPR)

Lipids have been considered as the predominant components for bioaccumulation of organic chemicals. However, differences in accumulation properties between different types of lipid (e.g., storage and membrane lipids) have rarely been considered. Moreover, in view of toxic effects on organisms, chemical accumulation specifically in biological membranes is of particular importance. In this review article, partition coefficients of 240 neutral organic compounds between liposomes (phospholipid membrane vesicles) and water (Klipw), reported in the literature or measured additionally for this work, were evaluated. Values of log Klipw and log Kow (octanol–water partition coefficients) differ by 0.4 on average. Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) can describe the log Klipw data even better (standard deviations = 0.28–0.31) than the log Kow model. Recent experimental data for highly hydrophobic compounds fit well to the PP-LFERs and do not indicate the existence of a previously postulated “hy...

Capacities of Membrane Lipids to Accumulate Neutral Organic Chemicals

Partitioning behavior of organic chemicals has tremendous influences on their environmental distribution, reaction rates, bioaccumulation, and toxic effects. Polyparameter linear free energy relationships (PP-LFERs) have been proven to be useful to characterize the equilibrium partitioning of organic chemicals in various environmental and technical partitioning systems and predict the respective partition coefficients. Over the past decade, PP-LFER solute descriptors for numerous environmentally relevant organic chemicals and system parameters for environmentally important partitioning systems have been determined, extending substantially the applicability of the PP-LFER approaches. However, the information needed for the use of PP-LFERs including descriptors and parameters is scattered over a large number of publications. In this work, we review the state of the art of the PP-LFER approaches in environmental chemical applications. The solute descriptors and system parameters reported in the literature an...

Applications of polyparameter linear free energy relationships in environmental chemistry.

Data have been assembled on the enthalpies of solvation of 373 compounds in water and 138 compounds in 1-octanol. It is shown that an Abraham solvation equation with five descriptors can be used to correlate the experimental solvation enthalpies to within standard deviations of 3.68 kJ/mol (water) and 2.66 kJ/mol (1-octanol). The derived correlations provide very accurate mathematical descriptions of the observed enthalpies of solvation, which in the case of water span a range of 150 kJ/mol. Division of the experimental values into a training set and a test set shows that there is no bias in predictions and that the predictive capability of the correlations is better than 4 kJ/mol.

/pdf/enthalpy-of-solvation-correlations-for-gaseous-solutes-3sc71p78tv.pdf

Enthalpy of solvation correlations for gaseous solutes dissolved in water and in 1-octanol based on the Abraham model.

Data have been assembled from the published literature on the enthalpies of solvation for more than 100 compounds in heptane, hexadecane, cyclohexane, and benzene. It is shown that an Abraham solvation equation with five descriptors can be used to correlate the experimental solvation enthalpies to within standard deviations of 1.85 kJ/mol (heptane), 1.84 kJ/mol (hexadecane), 1.66 kJ/mol (cyclohexane), and 2.08 kJ/mol (benzene). The derived correlations provide very accurate mathematical descriptions of the measured enthalpy of solvation data, which in the case of benzene span a range of 111 kJ/mol. Division of the experimental values into a training set and a test set shows that there is no bias in predictions, and that the predictive capability of the correlations is better than 2.63 kJ/mol.

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Benzene and in Alkane Solvents Based on the Abraham Model

https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc155626/m2/1/high_res_d/Man-Pub-428.pdf

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Propylene Carbonate Based on the Abraham Model

Data have been assembled from the published literature on the enthalpies of solvation for more than 100 compounds in toluene and carbon tetrachloride. It is shown that an Abraham solvation equation with five descriptors can be used to correlate the experimental solvation enthalpies to within standard deviations of 2.19 and 2.070 kJ⋅mol−1 for toluene and carbon tetrachloride, respectively. The derived correlations provide very accurate mathematical descriptions of the measured enthalpy of solvation data at 298 K that in the case of carbon tetrachloride span a range of 105 kJ⋅mol−1. Division of the experimental values into a training set and a test set shows that there is no bias in the predictions, and that the predictive capability of the correlations is better than 2.5 kJ⋅mol−1.

/pdf/enthalpy-of-solvation-correlations-for-gaseous-solutes-4pdjq9h3o2.pdf

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Toluene and Carbon Tetrachloride Based on the Abraham Model

https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc155628/m2/1/high_res_d/Man-Pub-435.pdf

Christina Mintz

Papers

Enthalpy of solvation correlations for gaseous solutes dissolved in water and in 1-octanol based on the Abraham model.

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Benzene and in Alkane Solvents Based on the Abraham Model

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Propylene Carbonate Based on the Abraham Model

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Toluene and Carbon Tetrachloride Based on the Abraham Model

Enthalpy of Solvation Correlations for Gaseous Solutes Dissolved in Chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane Based on the Abraham Model