Showing papers by "Christopher A. Davis published in 2022"
TL;DR: In this article , the effects of surface fluxes on ventilation pathways and the development of Hurricane Michael (2018) were investigated, and two modeling experiments were conducted by altering surface exchange coefficients to achieve a strong and weak experiment.
Abstract:
This study investigates the effects of surface fluxes on ventilation pathways and the development of Hurricane Michael (2018), and is a real-case comparison to previous idealized modeling studies that investigate ventilation. Two modeling experiments are conducted by altering surface exchange coefficients to achieve a strong and weak experiment. Ventilation pathways are evaluated to understand how the vortex responds to dry air infiltration. Pathways for dry air infiltration are split into downdraft and radial ventilation. Results show that downdraft ventilation at low levels is maximized left-of-shear, exists between the surface and a height of 3 km, and is associated with rainband activity. Trajectories from downdraft ventilation demonstrate slower thermodynamic recovery for the weaker experiment. The slower recovery contributes to the initial intensity bifurcation between experiments. Radial ventilation has two pathways. At low levels, it is coupled with downdraft ventilation. Aloft, between heights of 5 and 10 km, it is maximized upshear and associated with storm-relative flow. This pathway is similar for each experiment initially, suggesting that the initial bifurcation of intensity is not a consequence of radial ventilation aloft. Trajectories from radial ventilation during a later time period show the destructive impact of lower-θe air in the near environment on convection upshear and right-of-shear for the weaker experiment. This study demonstrates how ventilation pathways at low levels and aloft are affected by surface fluxes, and, how ventilation pathways operate, at different times, to affect tropical cyclone development.
2 citations
TL;DR: Finn et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a method to solve the problem of ocean acidification by using an oceanographic model and showed that the model can be used to identify the most important locations in the world for sea level rise.
Abstract: Donovan Finn, Kyle Mandli, Anamaria Bukvic, Christopher A Davis4,∗, Rebecca Haacker, Rebecca E Morss, Cassandra R O’Lenick, Olga Wilhelmi, Gabrielle Wong-Parodi, Alexis A Merdjanoff and Talea L Mayo 1 School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America 2 Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America 3 Department of Geography, Center for Coastal Studies, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, United States of America 4 National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States of America 5 Department of Earth System Science and Woods Center for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America 6 School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America 7 Department of Mathematics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America ∗ Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , scale-dependent processes within the tropical cyclone eyewall and their contributions to intensification are examined in an idealized simulation of a TC translating in uniform environmental flow.
Abstract:
Scale-dependent processes within the tropical cyclone (TC) eyewall and their contributions to intensification are examined in an idealized simulation of a TC translating in uniform environmental flow. The TC circulation is partitioned into axisymmetric, low-wavenumber (m = 1–3), and high-wavenumber (m > 3) categories, and scale-dependent contributions to the intensification process are quantified through the azimuthal-mean relative (vertical) vorticity and tangential momentum budgets. To further account for the interdependent relationship between the axisymmetric vortex structure and eyewall asymmetries, the analyses are subdivided into three periods—early, middle, and late—that represent the approximate quartiles of the full intensification period prior to the TC attaining its maximum intensity.
The asymmetries become concentrated among lower azimuthal wavenumbers during the intensification process and are persistently distributed among a broader range of azimuthal scales at higher altitudes. The scale-dependent budgets demonstrate that the axisymmetric and asymmetric processes generally oppose each other during TC intensification. The axisymmetric processes are mostly characterized by a radial spin-up dipole pattern, with a tangential momentum spin-up tendency concentrated along the radius of maximum tangential winds (RMW) and a spin-down tendency concentrated radially inward of the RMW. The asymmetric processes are mostly characterized by an opposing spin-down dipole pattern that is slightly weaker in magnitude. The most salient exception occurs from high-wavenumber processes contributing to a relatively modest, net spin-up along the RMW between ~2–4 km altitude. Given that the maximum tangential winds persistently reside below 2-km altitude, eyewall asymmetries are primarily found to impede TC intensification.