The english translation

Soft computing techniques are becoming even more popular and particularly amenable to model the complex behaviors of most geotechnical engineering systems since they have demonstrated superior predictive capacity, compared to the traditional methods. This paper presents an overview of some soft computing techniques as well as their applications in underground excavations. A case study is adopted to compare the predictive performances of soft computing techniques including eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) in estimating the maximum lateral wall deflection induced by braced excavation. This study also discusses the merits and the limitations of some soft computing techniques, compared with the conventional approaches available.

https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/10356/146887/2/1-s2.0-S1674987119302361-main.pdf

State-of-the-art review of soft computing applications in underground excavations

Mainstreaming sustainable development into a city's Master plan: A case of Urban Underground Space use

Application of two non-linear prediction tools to the estimation of tunnel boring machine performance

Bearing capacity of square footings on geosynthetic reinforced sand

http://cfile232.uf.daum.net/attach/2516AA3E53EC58C82508F9

Performance of a two-tier geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining wall under a surcharge load: Full-scale load test and 3D finite element analysis

Laboratory investigation of bearing capacity behavior of strip footing on geogrid-reinforced sand slope

A geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining wall was collapsed during a monsoon season in Korea, three months after the completion of wall construction. The circular type global slope failure was the dominant failure mode. The as-built design was examined for its appropriateness in meeting the current design requirements and the global slope stability. A comprehensive stress-pore pressure-coupled finite-element analysis was additionally conducted with due consideration of both positive and negative pore pressures in saturated and unsaturated zones. A number of relevant tests were also carried out on the backfill and the reinforcement collected from the site. The investigation revealed among other things that the inappropriate design and the low-quality backfill were mainly responsible for the wall failure, although the primary triggering factor was the rainfall infiltration. The results of the stress-pore pressure-coupled finite-element analysis provided sound evidences as to the wall performance over the rainfall period, supporting the field observation. Practical implications of the findings from this study are also discussed in view of reinforced wall design.

Case History of Geosynthetic Reinforced Segmental Retaining Wall Failure

This paper presents the results of a numerical investigation into the performance of geosynthetic-encased stone columns (GESCs) installed in soft ground for embankment construction. A three-dimensional finite-element model was employed to carry out a parametric study on a number of governing factors such as the consistency of soft ground, the geosynthetic encasement length and stiffness, the embankment fill height, and the area replacement ratio. The results indicate among other things that additional confinement provided by the geosynthetic encasement increases the stiffness of the stone column and reduces the degree of embankment load transferred to the soft ground, thereby decreasing the overall settlement. It is also shown that the geosynthetic encasement has a greater impact for cases with larger stone column spacing and/or weaker soil. Also revealed is that unlike isolated column loading conditions, full encasement may be necessary to ensure maximum settlement reduction when implementing GESCs under an embankment loading condition. Practical implications of the findings are discussed in detail.

Chung-Sik Yoo

Papers

Performance of a two-tier geosynthetic reinforced segmental retaining wall under a surcharge load: Full-scale load test and 3D finite element analysis

Laboratory investigation of bearing capacity behavior of strip footing on geogrid-reinforced sand slope

Case History of Geosynthetic Reinforced Segmental Retaining Wall Failure

Performance of Geosynthetic-Encased Stone Columns in Embankment Construction: Numerical Investigation

Deep excavation-induced ground surface movement characteristics – A numerical investigation