Soil Chemical Analysis

A reviewer for the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society of England comments \"This is the first book covering in one volume all important topics in genetical statistics.\" Written to provide basic probability ideas in terms of genetic situations, since the theory of genetics is a probability theory; to give a definitive treatment of applications of these ideas to genetic theory; and to describe statistical methods appropriate to the data models that are developed.

An Introduction to Genetic Statistics

Linear models

Automated Irrigation System Using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module

Form of information technology that can be used as a media learning is to use e-learning. E-learning is innovation that would is used in learning, not only for learning material but also a change in the various competence students. Components form e-learning is e-learning infrastructure, the system and application e-learning and content e-learning. E-learning benefits for the world general education, namely: (1) flexibility place and time, (2) independent learning, (3) costs, (4) flexibility speed learning, (5) standardization teaching, (6) the effectiveness of teaching, (7) speed distribution, (8) on-demand availability, e-learning can be accessedd at any moment, (9) automation the process of administration. The strategy of e-learning are to support the implementation of a learning process, expected to improve absorption capacity from school tuition over the materials given, increase active participation from school tuition, improve the ability of independent study school tuition, material improve the quality of education and training, improve the ability of the displays information with a device information technology, expand the teaching and learning process by the use of the internet, not just limited to space and time. The e-learning involving four first is analysis, planning, implementation and evaluation. Conclusions from the discussion is information technology and telecommunications cheap and easily would eliminate the cap time and space been limit education world. Some logical consequence occurring include (1) students can easily take the material learning anywhere without limited in scope the place and time; (2) students can easily learning and discuss with the experts at things that they are interested in; (3) the material of learning even can easily taken in every corner of the world without depending on where students learn. But that opportunities was still face the challenges in costs aspect, the readiness of infrastructure information technology, the community, and regulations support for the e-learning. Education world in Indonesia has undergo development significant. The development is visible from more and learning diversity of method used. Methods used often utilized various media to improve the quality of lessons. The development of various media learning this along with the technological progress rapidly. The dynamics of this technology will reach remarkable acceleration. The technology that have learned from few years a go now starts replaced with the new various technology including the conventional learning ways. The form of information technology that can be used as a media learning is named e-learning. E-learning is innovation that can be used in learning process, not only for learning material but also a change in the various competence students. Through e-learning, learners not only listen to the discussion material from educator but also active in observing, do, demos, and so on. The material of learning can be virtualizatied in a variety of formats so it could more interesting and more dynamic in order to motivate students in learning. The utilization of technology telecommunications to learning activities college in Indonesia has conducive with the enactment of minister decree the ministry of national education (sk minister) 2001 that encourage college conventional to implement distance learning (dual mode). To a climate this favorable, some colleges has done many preparations, as the assignment lecturers to (a) follow training about the development of material electronic text, (b) identifying various platforms learning electronic that available , and (c) experiment about the use of platform learning electronic certain to present matter lecture.

Penggunaan e-learning sebagai media pembelajaran

With the development in ICT, eLearning which is the new paradigm of learning and teaching has become the part and parcel of education programmes in all sectors of life. With the development in Agricultural Science and technology, the need for improved agricultural education throughout the world has also been realized. Quality Education in Agriculture is a service that contributes to national development, integration and regional cohesion. But compared to other business and management fields, eLearning in the field of agriculture is still in the early phases of development and adoption. In this direction, an eLearning system “eLearnAgriculture” was designed and developed at IASRI, New Delhi, which is available online at http://elearnagri.iasri.res.in/home. The system has been tested and validated by deploying the sample courses from Agricultural Statistics and Computer Applications. Each course has been distributed into well defined topics with each topic having the online features of glossary, interactive lessons, multimedia enabled presentations, quiz and assignments. The features of this system includes the separate modules for teachers, learners, evaluators and administrator with the facility of an equation editor for mathematical equations and Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) for multimedia enabled course contents. The open source Learning Management System, MOODLE has been used for creating the eLearning documents, management of contents and users. The modular nature of MOODLE has been used in this system to add the new features such as an equation editor, frequently required mathematical symbols and a new user interface. The system provides an opportunity to the agricultural educationists to create and link their course contents online. This paper presents the technology behind this system along with the content standardization scheme and the common template followed for creating the courses.

An eLearning System for Agricultural Education

Competition between neighbouring units in field experiments is a serious source of bias. The study of a competing situation needs construction of an environment in which it can happen and the competing units have to appear in a predetermined pattern. This paper describes methods of constructing incomplete block designs balanced for neighbouring competition effects. The designs obtained are totally balanced in the sense that all the effects, direct and neighbours, are estimated with the same variance. The efficiency of these designs has been computed as compared to a complete block design balanced for neighbours and a catalogue has also been prepared.

On totally balanced block designs for competition effects

Experimental designs in which treatments are applied to the experimental units, one at a time, in sequences over a number of periods, have been used in several scientific investigations and are known as repeated measurements designs. Besides direct effects, these designs allow estimation of residual effects of treatments along with adjustment for them. Assuming the existence of first-order residual effects of treatments, Hedayat & Afsarinejad (1975) gave a method of constructing minimal balanced repeated measurements [RM(v,n,p)] design for v treatments using n=2v experimental units for p [=(v+1)/2] periods when v is a prime or prime power. Here, a general method of construction of these designs for all odd v has been given along with an outline for their analysis. In terms of variances of estimated elementary contrasts between treatment effects (direct and residual), these designs are seen to be partially variance balanced based on the circular association scheme.

Minimal balanced repeated measurements designs

Competition or interference occurs when the responses to treatments in experimental units are affected by the treatments in neighbouring units. This may contribute to variability in experimental results and lead to substantial losses in efficiency. The study of a competing situation needs designs in which the competing units appear in a predetermined pattern. This paper deals with optimality aspects of circular block designs for studying the competition among treatments applied to neighbouring experimental units. The model considered is a four-way classified model consisting of direct effect of the treatment applied to a particular plot, the effect of those treatments applied to the immediate left and right neighbouring units and the block effect. Conditions have been obtained for the block design to be universally optimal for estimating direct and neighbour effects. Some classes of balanced and strongly balanced complete block designs have been identified to be universally optimal for the estima...

Cini Varghese

Papers

An eLearning System for Agricultural Education

On totally balanced block designs for competition effects

Minimal balanced repeated measurements designs

Optimal Circular Block Designs for Neighbouring Competition Effects

On the generation of cost effective response surface designs