A cross-sectional study with all the teachers in the municipal school system in Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia State, Brazil, investigated the association between work content (psychological demand and control over work) and the occurrence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) among teachers. The Karasek demand-control model was used to evaluate control over work. The Self-Report Questionnaire-20 was used to evaluate minor psychiatric disorders. MPD prevalence was 55.9% among the 808 teachers studied. Crude prevalence of MPD showed a positive and significant association with psychological demand and a negative and significant association with control over work. MPD prevalence was higher in teachers with highly demanding work, characterized by heavy demand and low control (PR = 1.74; 95%CI: 1.44-2.10), and in those with active work, with heavy demand and low control (PR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.13-1.61), as compared to teachers with low-demand work (light demand and high control), after adjusting for confounders in a multiple logistic regression model. As a conclusion, teachers' mental health is strongly associated with their work content.

/pdf/trabalho-e-disturbios-psiquicos-em-professores-da-rede-16auxiaj3h.pdf

Trabalho e distúrbios psíquicos em professores da rede municipal de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil

Um estudo epidemiologico transversal com todos os 808 professores da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, encontrou elevadas prevalencias de queixas de cansaco mental (70,1%) e de nervosismo (49,2%). Diversos fatores de risco associaram-se a cansaco mental e a nervosismo: idade >27 anos, ser mulher, ter filhos, escolaridade media, lecionar >5 anos, vinculo de trabalho estavel, trabalho em zona urbana, carga horaria semanal >35h, renda >360 reais, sobrecarga domestica media/alta, nao ter atividades de lazer, alta demanda no trabalho e baixo suporte social. A classificacao do trabalho docente, segundo o Modelo Demanda-Controle de Karasek, revelou os quadrantes "baixa exigencia" (40,3%) e "trabalho ativo" (39,7%), ambos com alto controle das atividades por parte dos professores. Professores em trabalho de "alta exigencia" e "trabalho ativo" apresentaram prevalencias de cansaco mental e de nervosismo mais elevadas que aqueles de "baixa exigencia".

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/es/v27n94/a12v27n94.pdf

Docência e exaustão emocional

Voice disorders are common among teachers, with adverse consequences for their work and quality of life. This study focuses on factors associated with voice-related quality of life among female teachers in the municipal school system in Belo Horizonte, Southeast Brazil. A cross-sectional study with 2,133 female teachers was conducted, using the Voice-Related Quality of Life (VRQL) questionnaire, which has two domains: socio-emotional and physical. Teachers were grouped into quartiles based on the distribution of the final score in each domain. Those in the lowest quartile were then compared with all the others for a number of factors, using multiple logistic regression analysis. Less creativity at work and poor relationship with pupils were associated with worse voice-related quality of life in both domains. Mental disorders (GHQ12 > 4) were associated with worse voice-related quality of life in the socio-emotional domain, and intra-class noise with worse voice-related quality of life in the physical domain. Improvements in working conditions are key factors for achieving better voice-related quality of life among teachers.

/pdf/work-conditions-quality-of-life-and-voice-disorders-in-2gvqvzjblk.pdf

Work conditions, quality of life, and voice disorders in teachers

This study aimed to evaluate the association between psychological demands and control on work and the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders among nursing workers. This cross-sectional study involved 491 nursing workers from a University hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Brazilian versions of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and the Job Content Questionnaire were used. Among the participants, 96.3% reported some pain in any given part of the body last year, 73.1% in the last seven days and 65.8% reported difficulty in their daily routine. The chances of shoulder pain (OR=1.97; CI95%=1.07-3.64), in the thoracic spine (OR=1.83; CI95%=1.02-3.35) and in the ankles (OR=2.05; CI95%=1.05-4.02) were higher in the high work demand quadrant when compared to the low demand quadrant, after adjustments for potentially confusing factors Intervention measures in the organizational structure are needed, redefining demand levels and control at work.

/pdf/psychosocial-aspects-of-work-and-musculoskeletal-disorders-1u34jzugfw.pdf

Psychosocial aspects of work and musculoskeletal disorders in nursing workers

As condicoes de saude e trabalho de professores foram analisadas a partir de resultados de oito estudos epidemiologicos desenvolvidos no estado da Bahia. Os estudos, realizados em docentes baianos, de 1996 a 2007, determinaram as prevalencias dos tres principais grupos de queixas de saude (problemas vocais, problemas osteomusculares e saude mental) e as associaram a caracteristicas da organizacao do trabalho docente. Os estudos revelam as importantes contribuicoes dos aspectos relacionados ao ambiente escolar e a organizacao do trabalho docente para a ocorrencia dos diferentes efeitos sobre a saude investigados. Apesar do carater exploratorio desses estudos, sua analise conjunta permitiu evidenciar que docentes com trabalhos envolvendo alta exigencia tambem apresentavam prevalencias mais elevadas de queixas de doenca. Esses resultados apontam para a necessidade do estabelecimento de politicas voltadas para a prevencao e atencao a saude dos docentes.

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/es/v30n107/07.pdf

Condições de trabalho docente e saúde na Bahia: estudos epidemiológicos

Nos ultimos anos registra-se marcado esforco de construcao de modelos teorico-metodologicos para avaliar caracteristicas do trabalho e efeitos a saude dos trabalhadores. Dentre os modelos propostos, o Modelo Demanda-Controle tem alcancado destaque. Esse modelo recorta duas dimensoes no ambiente laboral: as demandas psicologicas e o controle do trabalhador sobre o proprio trabalho. O Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) e o instrumento proposto para medir essas dimensoes do trabalho. Este estudo objetiva apresentar as bases teoricas e metodologicas do modelo demanda-controle, e discutir sua capacidade para identificar diferentes situacoes de trabalho no contexto brasileiro, a partir do uso do JCQ. Achados preliminares de dois estudos epidemiologicos, de corte transversal, sao apresentados e discutidos. Os estudos avaliaram aspectos psicossociais do trabalho, utilizando o JCQ, e a saude mental dos trabalhadores, usando o SRQ-20. Os resultados apontaram boa capacidade do modelo demanda-controle para identificar diferentes situacoes de risco a saude mental dos trabalhadores. Aspectos relacionados a demanda psicologica do trabalho estavam mais fortemente associados a elevadas prevalencias de disturbios psiquicos menores do que os aspectos referentes ao controle.

/pdf/estresse-ocupacional-e-saude-contribuicoes-do-modelo-demanda-4hhp6l0gmg.pdf

Estresse ocupacional e saúde: contribuições do Modelo Demanda-Controle

https://rbsp.sesab.ba.gov.br/index.php/rbsp/article/download/1349/943

Claudia Cerqueira Graça

Papers

Estresse ocupacional e saúde: contribuições do Modelo Demanda-Controle

Prevalência de dor musculoesquelética em cirurgiões dentistas