A survey on deep learning in medical image analysis

We present here the first update of the 2013 EFSUMB (European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology) Guidelines and Recommendations on the clinical use of elastography with a focus on the assessment of diffuse liver disease. The short version provides clinical information about the practical use of elastography equipment and interpretation of results in the assessment of diffuse liver disease and analyzes the main findings based on published studies, stressing the evidence from meta-analyses. The role of elastography in different etiologies of liver disease and in several clinical scenarios is also discussed. All of the recommendations are judged with regard to their evidence-based strength according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. This updated document is intended to act as a reference and to provide a practical guide for both beginners and advanced clinical users.

/pdf/efsumb-guidelines-and-recommendations-on-the-clinical-use-of-q0y0yhaqko.pdf

EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version)

Photoplethysmography (PPG) technology has been used to develop small, wearable, pulse rate sensors. These devices, consisting of infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors, offer a simple, reliable, low-cost means of monitoring the pulse rate noninvasively. Recent advances in optical technology have facilitated the use of high-intensity green LEDs for PPG, increasing the adoption of this measurement technique. In this review, we briefly present the history of PPG and recent developments in wearable pulse rate sensors with green LEDs. The application of wearable pulse rate monitors is discussed.

Wearable Photoplethysmographic Sensors—Past and Present

https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01648559/document

Promises and challenges for the implementation of computational medical imaging (radiomics) in oncology.

Deep Learning in Medical Ultrasound Analysis: A Review

The invention provides a muscular tension assessment method and device. The method comprises the steps of obtaining elasticity modulus values of tested skeletal muscle under different joint angles andall joint angles; determining the change trend of the elasticity modulus values of the tested skeletal muscle according to the elasticity modulus values of the tested skeletal muscle under differentjoint angles and all the joint angles; conducting level assessment on muscular tension of the tested skeletal muscle according to the change trend of the elasticity modulus values of the tested skeletal muscle. By means of the muscular tension assessment method and device, assessment of the muscular tension level can be achieved.

Muscular tension assessment method and device

The sluggish kinetics of anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) largely impedes the energy conversion efficiency in electrolytic industries. Fundamentally, the OER process is governed by the chemical reactivity of oxygen intermediates. Here, we demonstrate an effective approach to regulate the oxygen reactivity through the double-exchange interaction (DEI) towards OER activity improvement, using Ti-substituted pyrochlore ruthenate Y2Ru2−xTixO7 as model catalyst. We unveil that DEI-induced electron hopping in asymmetric Ru-O-Ti backbone enables the charge depletion in Ru active center to tune on the oxygen activation by ligand hole introduction. In addition, the ferromagnetic nature of DEI constructs a spin-selected channel for charge transport to govern the spin state in oxygen intermediates. Such comprehensive manipulation of oxygen reactivity substantially facilitates the nucleophilic attack process during O–O coupling as rate-determining step, lowering the energy barrier to improve the intrinsic OER activity. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/eom2.12290

Oxygen reactivity regulation via double‐exchange interaction for enhanced water oxidation

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and electric equipment for achieving ultrasound cranial focusing. Under the condition of not performing CT imaging on the head of a to-be-treated object, by simply inputting head nuclear magnetic resonance image data of the object into a target model obtained through training, synthesized head CT image data output by the target model can be obtained, the electric equipment can generate an ultrasonic emission sequence according to a head three-dimensional digital model and a three-dimensional digital model of an ultrasonic transducer array, andthe electric equipment controls the ultrasonic transducer array to emit an ultrasonic wave according to the ultrasonic emission sequence, so that cranial focusing of the head of the to-be-treated object can be achieved, and therapy such as ultrasonic deep brain stimulation or ultrasonic thermal ablation is performed; the risk of cancer caused by irradiation during CT imaging of the to-be-treatedobject is eliminated, the safety of therapy is improved, the therapy steps can also be simplified, the therapy time is greatly shortened, and the therapy cost is reduced.

Method and electric equipment for achieving ultrasound cranial focusing

Ultrasound has been demonstrated to be an effective approach for noninvasive neurostimulation. Low frequency ultrasound (<1 MHz) is preferable as its low ultrasonic attenuation when passing through the skull. High frequency ultrasound is able to provide reduced size of focal region. However, the performance of stimulation with high frequency ultrasound is not proved yet. This study examines the feasibility and effectiveness of using high frequency, i.e. 5 MHz, focused ultrasound to perform the neurostimulation on mice. The acoustic properties of 1 MHz and 5 MHz ultrasound on mouse skull were evaluated by a 3D acoustic scanning system. By performing proper acoustic compensation, 1 MHz and 5 MHz ultrasound can present the same acoustic intensity level after passing the skull. They were used to do the brain stimulation with same group of mice. Electromyography (EMG) signals collected from tail muscles and videos of motion responses were analyzed for the evaluation of neurostimulation. The results illustrated that 5 MHz ultrasound can successfully achieve the neurostimulation by monitoring the EMG and motion responses. The equivalent diameter (D) of stimulus for 5 MHz is significantly smaller than that of 1 MHz. Focused ultrasound with higher frequency can provide smaller size of stimulation region, which offers precise control of the neurostimulation in a non-invasive manner.

Noninvasive neurostimulation on mice by 5 MHz ultrasound

Manual segmentation of ultrasound contrast images is time-consuming and inevitable to variability, and computer-based segmentation algorithms often require user interaction. This paper proposes a novel level set model for fully automated segmentation of vascular ultrasound contrast images. The initial contour of arterial boundaries is acquired based on an automatic procedure. The level set model moves the initial contour towards the boundaries of arterial inner wall based on minimization of the energy function. The traditional energy function is improved by introducing an edge detector based on image gradient and the standard difference image. Both spatial and temporal information of the image are considered, and the robustness and accuracy of the level set model is enhanced. Ultrasonic contrast images of living mouse are acquitted with high frequency ultrasound system. Images of carotid arteries are processed with our method. The segmentation results using the proposed method are evaluated against two observers' hand-outlined boundaries, showing that computer-generated boundaries agree well with the observers' hand-outlined boundaries as much as the different observers agree with each other.

Congzhi Wang

Papers

Muscular tension assessment method and device

Oxygen reactivity regulation via double‐exchange interaction for enhanced water oxidation

Method and electric equipment for achieving ultrasound cranial focusing

Noninvasive neurostimulation on mice by 5 MHz ultrasound

Ultrasound contrast image segmentation using a modified level set method