Showing papers by "Consuelo Vélez Álvarez published in 2019"

Cartografía social: construyendo territorio a partir de los activos comunitarios en salud

Abstract: espanolRESUMEN Existe la necesidad de identificar herramientas participativas que permitan explorar los activos para la salud a partir del reconocimiento del territorio por parte de la comunidad. Objetivo: evidenciar la utilizacion de la cartografa social como metodo para el estudio de los activos en salud a nivel comunitario. Metodologia: se presenta la experiencia de la cartografa social, basada en el analisis de la categoria "diseno metodologico" del estudio base, con lo cual se consolida el sentido de pertenencia a partir de representaciones graficas de la realidad existente en la comunidad. Resultados: las orientaciones detalladas sobre como realizar un estudio para conocer los activos comunitarios a traves de la cartografia social son mostradas a traves de la experiencia de las investigadoras en campo. Se desarrollaron cinco etapas: conocimiento del territorio, acercamiento a la comunidad, utilizacion de herramientas de indagacion comunitaria, proceso de mapeo y establecimiento de acuerdos. Conclusion: la identificacion de los activos comunitarios hace posible que la comunidad reconozca sus fortalezas personales, familiares y sociales, reflexionen y analicen su realidad, reconociendo aquellos elementos en los que se desarrolla su vida cotidiana, por tanto, podria afirmarse que la cartografa social aporta para la elaboracion de rutas de vida a nivel comunitario. EnglishABSTRACT There is a need to identify participatory tools to explore health assets based on community recognition of the territory Objective: To highlight the use of social mapping as a method for the study of health assets at the community level. Methodology: The experience of social mapping is presented, based on the analysis of the "methodological design" category of the base study which consolidates the sense of belonging based on graphic representations of the existing reality in the community. Results: Detailed guidelines on how to conduct a study to learn about community assets through social mapping are shown through the experience of the field researchers. Five stages were developed: knowledge of the territory approach to the community use of community research tools, mapping process and establishment of agreements. Conclusion: The identification of community assets makes it possible for the community to recognize its personal, family and social strengths, to reflect on and analyze its reality, recognizing those elements in which its daily life is developed. Therefore, it could be said that social mapping contributes to the elaboration of life routes at the community level. portuguesRESUMO E necessario identificar ferramentas participativas que permitam a exploracao de ativos de saude com base no reconhecimento do territorio pela comunidade. Objetivo: Demonstrar o uso da cartografia social como metodo de estudo dos ativos de saude em nivel comunitario. Metodologia: E apresentada a experiencia da cartografia social, com base na analise da categoria "desenho metodologico" do estudo de base, que consolida o sentido de pertencimento a partir das representacoes graficas da realidade existente na comunidade. Resultados: Orientacoes detalhadas sobre como conduzir um estudo para aprender sobre os ativos da comunidade atraves do mapeamento social sao mostradas atraves da experiencia de pesquisadores da area. Foram desenvolvidas cinco etapas: conhecimento do territorio, abordagem a comunidade, uso de ferramentas de investigacao da comunidade, processo de mapeamento e estabelecimento de acordos. Conclusao: A identificacao dos ativos da comunidade possibilita que a comunidade reconheca suas forcas pessoais, familiares e sociais, reflita e analise sua realidade, reconhecendo os elementos em que seu cotidiano e desenvolvido, portanto, pode-se afirmar que o mapeamento social fornece para o desenvolvimento de rotas de vida em nivel comunitario.

Evaluation of a Tele-assistance Technological Tool in Activities of Daily Life of People with Visual Disabilities

Abstract: Blind people lose an important degree of independence, which makes it difficult to carry out different activities of daily life. To develop and evaluate a telecare model that consisted of guiding a person with visual disability through a video conference to carry out activities of daily life. The telecare model is based on the guidance through voice commands. Telecare begins when a blind person, through a mobile device, transmits images, video and voice (video conference) in real-time to a person with normal vision in a different place that works as a guide, so that the guide knows the details of the blind person. The environment of the person that can solve immediate information needs, location or selection of objects requires visual support. It was evaluated with 37 people with visual disabilities through the Lawton & Brody scale. It is an improved progressive evolution in the level of independence of the Lawton and Brody scale, which presents an advance of just over 2 points in the scale thanks to the tele-assistance application (p = 0.000). The participants were at a moderate level of dependence and, after the tele-assistance tests, their level was mild. The highest score was obtained in activities related to money management and purchases. In contrast, participants had less value activities within the home. The results allowed us to verify the effectiveness of telecare to improve the independence and well-being of people with visual disabilities.