Cordula M. Wetzel

TL;DR: A framework for categorizing surgical stress is presented and suggests key elements for effective coping strategies and a framework for identifying senior surgeons with sophisticated strategies for controlling each situation is presented.

TL;DR: The case is made for placing real human "patients" (played by actors) within simulation environments, thereby ensuring that the training experience remains rooted in actual practice and for curriculum redesign to ensure that simulator-based technical skills training and assessment take place within an authentic context that reflects the wider elements of clinical practice.

TL;DR: Clinicians' stress and coping influenced surgical performance during simulated operations, and these are critical factors for the quality of health care.

TL;DR: The intervention had beneficial effects on coping, stress, and nontechnical skills during simulated surgery, and improved technical skills, decision making, and confidence during simulated operations.

TL;DR: Actors are trained to portray patients undergoing operations under local anesthetic within a high-fidelity simulated operating theater (SOT) and a framework for case development and simulated patient (SP) training is developed.